«= SINCLAIR COMPUTERS
The Sinclair QL
-a 32 bit CPU PowerHcuse!
Peru, Indiana 46970
News andINew Products
* UPDATE COMPUTER SYSTEMS *
UPDATE COMPUTER SYSTEMS is Edited and Published by Carol and Frank
Davis of P.O. Box 1095, Peru, Indiana 46970. Phone number is
317-473-8031, with normal phone hours being between 5 P.M. and 9:30
P.M. Eastern Time during the week and Noon to 6 P.M. on weekends. When
we are not there or unavailable, please leave a message with our
answering machine. Unless urgent you will be answered by mail.
Mailing date for all issues is the fifteenth of the issue month.
The magazine is published on a quarterly basis in the months of
October, January, April and July. All subscriptions begin and end at
the same time... first issue being October and all renewals coming due
after receipt of the July issue. The cost is $18.00 U.S. for a one year
subscription for North America, and for those outside of this area
$20.00 U.S. We accept personal and business checks, money orders and to
i\bt«5n back issues prior to October 1990, please ccwytact the former
Publisher, Bill Jones at 1317 Stratford Ave., Panama City, Florida
32404. He will gladly provide you with the needed issues and
information. The use of a Self Addressed Stamped Envelope would be
appreciated and help to speed a reply.
Assistance in Publishing this magazine is provided by Eliad P. Wannum ,
poet, computer user and all round good guy. The magazine is made
possible by the regular contributors such as Peter Hale, Bill Cable, Al
Feng, Bob Hartung to name a few, and by the many contributions of other
writers and programmers. Your contributions to this magazine are
welcome. This is truly a magazine BY THE USER AND FOR THE USER OF
SINCLAIR, TIMEX AND CAMBRIDGE COMPUTERS. When we cover other operating
systems such as CPM or MSD0S it will be in relationship to our
computers or emulators for our systems to run their software. We
primarily cover disk based systems and software for the TS2068,
Spectrum, QL, Z88...and will cover items on the TS1000 if disk drive
based or in relationship to using it with the above mentioneed
computers. We do accept reviews of peripherals that are useable by our
systems, such as scanners, printers, modems, etc. Submissions should be
on disk or hard copy (two copies and at least NLO , no draft mode). If
there is artwork, please let us know in what order it should be used,
and provide it as a saved screen or hard copy screen dump. The format
is very relaxed. Just pay attention to the width of the pages and allow
3/4 inch top and bottom, and make the left and right margins wide
enough to accomodate a 3 hole punch that does not cut out some of the
text. We have enlarge and reduction capacity to adjust a page, but may
lose some print legibility in the process. Most important is
legibility. Draft quality dot matrix does not reproduce well. Print
size preference is ELITE 12 characters per inch. PICA 10 characters
per inch is okay also, but please no condensed print. Please do not
make programs submitted on cassette tape under any circumstance, disk
or hardcopy only. Exceptions to this would be the wafers used on the
Rotronics Wafadrive for the Spectrum or TS2068 with emulator. Z88
programs on disk may be in either IBM or 0L format or hardcopy. TS2068
programs may be LLISTED in 32 chr. lines, but that is not solely
necessary, just do not send a copy protected disk that needs to be
LLISTED.
UPDATE COMPUTER SYSTEMS PAGE DIRECTORY, J AN UAH V 1991
The computer that an article concerns is marked by using the
following mark at the start of the page number-TS2068 = * , QL - #
,Z88 = % . There will be no mark if the article or ad applies to
all or several different computer systems.
Inside Front Cover contains magazine basic information
Page
No.
1 -
- -Directory
Page
No.
2-
--Editorial by Frank Davis
Page
No .
3 -
--Ed Grey Enterprises Ad
Page
No.
4 -
--LKD0S Software + Back Issues Update /Bill Jones
*Page
No.
5-
--Hybiscus /Bill Jones
*Page
No .
9-
--Oliger Auto-Menu /Bill Ferrebee
*Page
No.
11-
--Speed Comparison Between 2068 Pascal and
Compiled Basic /Larry Kenny
Page
No.
12-
--Sir dive's Castle BBS /Dave Solly
#Page
No.
13- •
--New QL Issue Disk, QLuMSi /Al Feng
Page
No.
14- •
--Wanted or For Sale Ads for Subscribers
*Page
No .
15- •
--LogiCall V4.3 /Bob Swoger
^Page
No.
21-
--Some More Ideas On How to Create Multiple
Columns In Z88 Pipedrearn /Dave Bennett
*Page
No.
22-
--Oliger Disk Drive BBS Program Issue Disk / Paul
Holmgren
#Page
No.
23- •
--Cable Column /Bill Cable
#Page
No .
26- •
-text 87 and Quill-Part III /Peter Hale
#Page
No .
28- •
--A Mail File in Archive /Bob Hartung
Page
No .
30- •
--Switching Printer Characters /Bob Hartung
Page
No.
32--
• - LMbOi t Ad
Page
No.
33--
-Mechanical Affinity Ad
Page
No.
34--
--RMG Ad on Zebra Graphics
#Page
No.
35--
--Merging Archive and Abacus Files /Peter Hale
*Page
No.
36--
•-Z88 Fax News-sample-
*Page
No.
37--
-The Sinclair Desktop Publishing Journal /Mike
Felersk i
#Page
No.
41--
-QL Emulator for the Amiga /Al Feng
Page
No.
43--
-Programming Tips - DEF FN and FN all Computers /
Bill Jones
Page
No.
45--
-John McMichael Ad and Bottle Cap Software Ad
Page
No.
46--
-Domino Cubes Ad
9&Page
No.
47--
-Datatronics 2400P Modem Review /Dave Bennett
Page
No.
48--
-The GEnie Information Service /Dave Bennett
#Page
No.
49--
-Quanta - Latest Updates on Library / Paul
Holmgren
Page
No.
50--
-Public Notice from Jack Dohany
Back
Covers --
-Issue Disks for TS2068 and 0L
J
FROM THE EDITORS DESK
Greetings to our faithful readers. Once again Carol and I
hope that you will find this issue of UPDATES to be worth
reading. We have received quite a bit of feedback from quite a
few of you. Some of your suggestions we have implemented, where
they would be of help to you -such as marking in the directory
as to just what computer model an article or program concerns.
Check this out and you will see that you can now tell at the
directory as to whether an article is for the TS2068 , QL, Z88 or
of general interest to all three.
There were some suggestions which we could not act upon,
only try to be fair. A few people wanted the magazine to be only
for the TS2068, and some for only the QL. A few wanted greater
coverage for the Z88. What we will be doing, as close as is
possible, is to represent the computers our users have and use.
This comes out to about 40% TS2068, 40% QL and 20% for the Z88
at this time. As (or if) our readership changes we will try to
reflect this. Some wanted us to include cassette based programs
for the TS2068. We are open to type- in programs of short to
moderate length that are for tape, or utilities and tips that
apply to tape or disk, but not for ISSUE DISK PROGRAMS. My own
aging cassette decks show less and less reliability after some
have been in use for ten years. It is not easy to find a
good reliable tape deck that is suited for computer use these
days. Disks are far cheaper than cassette tapes and with the
savings on that alone one could soon justify an Oliger, Larken,
Aerco or other disk drive system. This does not even touch upon
reliability or speed. Now I will just slide down off of my soap
box and into my easy chair.
Tim Stoddard, what with too many commitments and not enough
time, was not able to get his next installment on the Trump Card
manual for the QL to us in time. He promises it next issue. He
carefully researches each article to insure accuracy and this
does take a fair amount of time.
Bill Ferrebee will be giving the magazine a new logo which
you should see in the next issue. Bill is quite good at graphics
for the TS2068. He is doing a regular column on Sinclairs for
the Vulcan Computer Monthly, so check out this magazine by
either subscribing or buying it at your newstand. He also has an
article in this issue and more on tap for future issues.
Please note what Jack Dohany says in his news release. He
is not leaving us; he just needs more time to program for TS2068
and is looking to have other dealers take over the sales of his
products. I happen to know that Mechanical Affinity is interested
in at least all of them and, I'm sure that RMG will also be,
just to name a couple.
We were unable to fit in a few items that have gone onto the
planning board for the next issue. These include some real meat
on corrections to the TS2068 ROM to produce the type of machine
it could and should have been. This is by Bill Pederson of
Widjup. He has been slowly getting his health back to at least
some extent. I wish his continued recovery. Another item
is coverage of the QL and Desktop Publishing. They should both
be in the April Issue.
Once again we fell a little behind in our schedule due to
equipment problems, our photocopier, which is not easy to get
repaired in a small Midwest town with only one repairman. From
each little problem we learn. This may be our last delay!
2
Ed Grey Enterprises' Price List for Spring/ Summer '90
Ed Grey Enterpriser?
P.O. Box #2186
Inglewood, CA 90 30 5
(213) 759-7406
Call The Grey Matter BBS & RCP/M (213-971-6260)
PRICES
Spring/ Summer 1990
Timex/ SINCLAIR Products:
**Sof tware
SPECTERM-64 CTS-4. 1) on tape $12.50 + $2.50 S&H
SPECTERM-64 (ZX-4. 1) on tape ....$12.50 + $2.50 S&H
SPECTERM-64 (TS-4. 1) AERCOT JLO, Larken. $12. 50 + $3.00 S&H
MAX-COM Term/BBS SW (LKDOS v 3) $25.00 + $3.00 S&H
Loader V (Mterm 2 Enhancer) ..$12.50 + $2.50 S&H
PC-Draw Cver 3.0) on tape $12.50 + $2.50 S&H
COLOR2GREY (convert color to grey seal e) . $ 12. 50 + $2.50 S&H
CP/M (2.2/3.0) Software (new)
WordStar 3.3 (for CP/M-80, 8" disk) $40.00 + S&H
Turbo Pascal 3.0 (for CP/M or DOS.) $60.00 + S&H
MIX 'C Compiler (for CP/M 2.2, 5.25" disk). ... $19. 95 + S&H
MIX Editor If or CP/M 2.2, 5. 25" disk) $19.95 + S&H
*NOTE: See complete listing of CP/M software available on the
<B> file of the <N)ews menu for send SASE and $1.00).
*NOTE : Add $2.50/ disk to change disk format.
>> All CP/M software: S&H = $5.00 <<
**T/S Specific Hardware
QL Used/Tested w/ Cent I/F, cables, SW. ..$139. 95 + $10 S&H
1520 Printer/Plotter Tested, I/F, all SW.$125.00 + $7, 50 S&H
T/S2068 Used/Tested, CPU/Kybd only $60.00 + $5.00 S&H
T/S2068 Tested w/CPU, Manual, PS, Cab 1 es . . $75. 00 + $6.50 S&H
T/S1500 Tested w/CPU, Manual, PS, Cables. . $40. 00 + $6.50 S&H
T/S1000 Tested w/CPU, Manual, PS, Cables. . $25. 00 + $5.00 S&H
T/S2050 Modem Tested w/ PS, Specterm-64. . . $50 . 00 + $5.00 S&H
T/S2040 Printer w/ 1 roll paper $30.00 + $5.00 S&H
T/S1016 16K rampack $12.50 + $3.50 S&H
A & J Microdrive Tested w/ 2068 $5e>. 00 + $5.00 S&H
GE Cassette Recorder Tested w/ PS $10.00 + $3.50 S&H
Z-SI/O BB partially assembled, w/ 2050 . . . . $27. 00 + $3.50 S&H
T/S2068 Power Supply Only (Used/Test ed) ...$ 12. 50 + $3.50 S&H
Spectrum Computer Users Manual (new) $10.00 + $3.00 S&H
NOTE: All T/S hardware is subject to availability.
RS-232 Ribbon Cable $12.50 + $2.50 S&H
Dual Disk Drive Cable 30" $12.50 + $2.50 S&H
Dual Disk Drive Cable 42" $15.50 + $2.50 S&H
Call for prices on ANY other computer cables
AERCO Parallel Centronics Printer I/F. . . $59. 95 + $2.50 S&H
2050 Modem Cards (new, untested) 4/$12.00 + $3.00 S&H
2050 Modem Power Supplies $5.95 + $2.50 S&H
3/$ 16. 00 + $3.50 S&H
Keyboards. . TI 99/ 4A, 48 key $4.95 + $3.50 S&H
J : 3/$12.00 + $6.00 S&H
Disk Drive Power Supply $12.50 + $3.50 S&H
+12V © 2. 6A, +5V @ 1. 8A
Disk Drive Cases
5. 25
5. 25'
5. 25'
5. 25'
3. 50'
HH, single, w/ power supply $59.95 + S&H
without power supply $32.50 + S&H
FH, single, w/ power supply ...$69.95 + S&H
without power supply $35.50 + S&H
HH, dual, w/ power supply $89.95 + S&H
without power supply $35. 50 + S&H
FH, dual, w/ power supply $94.40 + S&H
without power supply $39. 95 + S&H
single or dual, w/ power supply $89.95 + S&H
without power supply $35. 50 + S&H
Software and Literature
Back issues of Update Magazine: Make your library conplete,
1988 Year Issues- Covers TS-2068 only $18.00 Whole 3 yr series— $48.00
1989 Year Issues- QL and TS-2068 $18.00 Single issues $ 6.00 ea
1990 Year Issues- QL, TS-2068, some Z88— $18.00
Orders to: Bill Jones, 1317 Stratford Ave., Panama City, FL 32404 (Check or MO)
LKDOS OTfflRE
"Daisy. B6" and "Udkm.B6" are two extensive softwares for LKDOS. The two soft-
wares are fully integrated to be mutually supporting as a complete system.
Each are offered separately but can be ordered as an integrated package.
EftIS?.B6 —$26.00 Ddhll.B6 —$26.00 Both Softwares --$36.00
Bill Jones, 1317 Stratford Ave, Panama City, FL 32404. Specify 40 or 80 tracks)
"Daisy.B6 is an "Administrative" software that provides easy to create Text
Data bases with helpful Automatic Administrative Functions (Auto Letterheads,
Business Blocks, signature line, and Mail Merge Processing of form letters). The
Theme is ''Disk Data Base Management" and Automatic Word Processing, (three disks)
,f Udbfl.B6 fl is a "Universal Data Base Manager" that allows one to create, manage
and Word process all types of data bases that the TS-2068 is capable of handling.
Includes three types of SEQUENTIAL FILES Data Bases, "page macros", Screen
Macros, paragraph files, Line Files, (two disks)
Between the two programs there are TEN types of Data bases, each flexible to suit
user needs. Each of the two programs Word Processes the opposite program's data
files, either singly or "Chain Processing" of mixed disk data files. Menus
provide cross over between programs.
The following Programs are included, and each will be given separately as UPDATE
MAGAZINE ISSUE DISKS as publication space permits in future issues of the
magazine.
1. "Dbx.B6", is a RECORD type data base manager and word processor. An
independant program to create any type of RECORD File. Used with Daisy to create
Mail Merge files. Used alone to create other data bases, print labels from a
Disk File.
2. "Cdhse. B6", is a Code ASCII Data File Manager. Directly word processes any
type of Code Ascii File. Transforms Chr Arry files to Mscript or Tasword.
Transforms Mscript, Tasword, Modem files to Chr Array files for Editing,
inclusion in other Dbases, word processing.
3. "Dfc>tr.B6", is a Universal Word Processor that prints 10 types of data files
"from disk" automatically. From one to 50 Disk Data files may be printed in any
sequence desired, singly or in a continuous document. All you do is INPUT the
File names to be word processed.
4. r Hacro.B6", is a program to create, edit, color, and print-out SCREEN FILES.
Also uses the screen as a data base.
OTHER TS-2068 Disk Systems: As time permits I will convert all of the above
programs for operation with Oliger DOS and Aerco FD-68 (if sufficient interest is
expressed. Drop me an interest card). -Bill Jones_
4
*<* HIBISCUS
A TS-2068 Software System
Five Major Softwares Coordinated
By: Bill Jones
The five Softwares are: Daisy. B6, Dbi.BS,
Udbm.B6, Uptr.B6, Cdbse.BS, and are each
independant softwares designed to operate alone or
in coordination with each other. All are
programmed primarily in Basic with code utilities
used as needed where speed is essential .
Generally, these softwares make extensive use of
the TS-2068 Variable file and the computer's ROM
for Data Base and Disk Drive Management. All of
the softwares allow easy access to the computer's
Basic mode. Basic functions can be performed, and
when finished the software can be re-entered.
A range of Disk Management functions are
available at menus to allow "Disk Library
Management" during program operation, and return
to Program Menu. These functions allow us to
manage from one to four disk drives "while the
software is in use". The functions include: Disk
Catalog View or Copy to Paper: Disk File Erase :
Screen Pile view, paint, create, edit, or Copy to
paper: Disk Data File View or LPRINT: Data File
SAVE: Data File LOAD: Data File Delete. The use
of these disk management utilities "without
compromise of program parameters" adds
immeasurably to the job of Data Base Management,
especially for reading orientation during the task
of creating a data base or in preparation for word
processing,
Concepts of Software Integration
fiith Disk Drive
Computer memory and disk drive storage are
fully coordinated. Disk Data Storage is used as
if disk space is an extension of computer memory.
Data Files are sent to disk as cumulative segments
of the same document. Disk Data files are
returned to memory for editing, re-save, or word
processing.
The Printer is controlled by each software.
Each program makes use of a common utility in disk
named "Init.B6* which Merges as needed to
Initialize the DOS, the Printer, and to establish
a print style. The Init utility is programmed for
Epson compatable printers and may be adjusted for
other printer makes.
There are two methods used to conserve
computer memory in order to provide extended
software functions. One is to use the disk to
store a plethora of menus that are organized by
functions. These full screen menus are
"subjective" providing a range of options for the
tasks at hand. There are more than a dozen of
these menus and their storage in disk reduces the
overall computer memory use by the main program,
thus providing more software capability and more
data management capacity. The right menu for the
job task in progress "pops on screen from disk" as
needed during program operation.
The second method is to store "sections of
the program" in disk, on stand-by, for use by the
main program. As functions are elected at menu,
the proper "program segment" MERGES to the main
program. When its job is fininshed the program
segment is DELETED from the main. As an example,
the Daisy program has about twenty such program
segments stored in disk. Their total size, if
added to the main program would exceed the
Computer's memory capacity by far. Of course, if
the computer's memory were completely filled with
such a large program then there would be no space
at all to create or manage data.
The combination of these methods allows the
Daisy software to be so large and comprehensive
that requires two 360K disks to contain the
programming. All of the five main softwares use
these methods to provide a wide range of both Data
Base Management and Word Processing, and maximum
data file lengths.
The Five Halo Hybiscus Programs
"DAISY.B6" is a software, originally named
"Smart Text", that has evolved over a period of
about 7 years. When Smart Text out-grew the
memory capacity of the TS-2068 the methods
described above were used to expand the program
still further for the disk drive environment.
Thus "Daisy. B6" emerged. The software then became
a "Disk Data Base Manager" and Word Processor.
In 1987, as Daisy was being developed, it
became the software used for publishing Update
Magazine. Publishing brings forth many various
needs for both Word Processing and Data
Management. As these needs surfaced they were
added to the Daisy functions. One such need was
"offset word processing", where columns could be
printed as masters to be overlayed and copied.
This feature, when elected, automatically sets the
printer to Condensed style and 50 chr lines. The
text file (or files) are then word processed as
"alternate columns". Another need was for
"Centered Headers" to be automatically printed
above or below paragraphs during word processing.
This was added with the ability to elect "Large
Headers", When large headers are needed the
software automatically changes the printer mode to
"Double High" characters, center prints the
header, spaces down a line, and then returns to
standard characters to continue word processing,
The theme of Daisy is to provide automatic
5
functions to lessen the distraction while Creating
Data and to "take over" and accomplish functions
that normally require much time to do manually.
Automatic Letterhead, Business Block, and
signature line support letter processing.
Automatic Formatting for Centered Text printing is
another feature. Centered Large Headers is
another. Mail Merge is still another.
With Daisy we can type the text of a letter
and then use mailing lists stored in disk to print
the same letter to from 2 to literally hundreds of
persons, each letter individually addressed, each
with our own letterhead and signature line. And,
Daisy will word process any number of disk data
files, either singly or in-chain "from disk".
Daisy provides two data base files. The
primary data base is a multiple "paragraph file",
and the other a data base for creating "Outlines"
as in a college class outline having major topics
and a group of miner topics of each major.
An "annex" of Daisy is a MERGE program called
"usrpgm.B6". This program (in disk) can be
modified by the user to schedule "just anything"
that, is possible to Print -out. Also it is a
"sequencer" for disk data files to be chain word
processed, and for individual paragraphs within to
be sequenced by paragraph. The usrpgm program is
normally MERGED to schedule the main text data
bast(s) for word processing of memory or Disk
files "in the existing paragraph sequence". The
versatility of word processing can be greatly
increased by user changes in the usrpgm program
1 ines .
Daisy also does an outstanding job of
printing labels and envelopes. Mail Files created
with the next program to be discussed are loaded
by Daisy for printing labels or envelopes that are
on tractor forms
fte "Dta J" Software
* B6 is a "Records Data Base" and word
processor. Originally this software was named
"Mail Merge" and has since been expanded to
provide Sorting and Search/Find functions as well
as "user defined data base dimensions". Dbx.B6
Loads and operates independantly, and it is also
MERGED to the Daisy software when selected to
create smaller Mail Files to be used for Mail
Merge, or to create such files as "Invoice Files".
The Record Data base is flexible, in that the user
elects the dimensions of the records. For
example, a Mailing List may be needed having
records of 4 1 ines and 30 characters per line. Or
an Inventory file could be 3 lines of 12
characters per line. Or a set of Invoice files
may be 4 lines of 48 characters each.
Sorting: Whatever the file dimensions may be,
the file may be selectively Sorted by any line,
and by either "first group or last group" within
the sorting line. This flexible sorting
capability is the key to the data base being
adaptable for any type of Records Data Base
imaginable.
Search and Find is another function of the
Dbx.B6 program. We can input a search word and
search any line of the records. When found the
entire record is displayed. <Continue> resumes
the search and the next Found Record is displayed,
or a Not Found report is given.
A word processor is included in the Dbx
program. The word processor is used to print-out
the whole list, a partial list, or to print Labels
or Envelopes on Tractor forms.
Dbx.B6 likely produces the largest data file
of any software for the TS-2068. As many as 350
Mail Files (4 lines of 26 chrs per line) may be
created. Or an inventory file of 550 Inventory
records (3 lines of 20 chrs) can be developed.
But for creating record files to be processed
by the Daisy program one must keep in mind that
the files could be larger than that program can
process.
The K Uk£ Software
[Jdbin stands for "Universal Data Base
Manager". This is a new software designed to
create, manage, and word process all of the types
of data bases that the TS-2068 and the Larken Disk
System can manage. Udbm.B6 manages 7 types of
data files as follows:
1. Character Array Paragraph Files (Identical
to the Daisy. B6 Text File)
2. Character Array Line Files of the user's
desired line length.
3. Page Macros: Chr Array Line files of
finite number of lines of the user's preferred
line length.
4. Sequential Paragraph Files: Paragraphs
are sent to an opened Seq file. The file may be
from short to enoromous length.
5. Sequential Line Files: Line files of the
users desired line length are sent to an opened
Seq file in disk. The total number of lines may
be from one to hundreds.
6. Sequential Page Macros: Same as Line
files except that the program terminates the file
when a "page length" is entered.
7. Screen Macro Files: The screen is used
to create a formatted data base to be saved
to disk as a screen file... Or we can create menu
screens and save them to disk. . Or any Screen
File in disk may be loaded to be edited, painted,
or copied to paper.
The Udbrn Software also provides a Word
Processor for all of its data files. The word
processor pulls data files from disk drive and
6
processes them either singly or in-chain in a
continuous document print-out.
flie M Uptr.B6 H Software
H
I stands for "Universal Word Processor".
It has all of the capabilities of the word
processor described with the Udbm program above,
plus the ability to Word Process "Mixed Piles" of
all of the 10 types of files created with the
Daisy, Dbx, Udbm, and the Cdbse program yet to be
discussed. The Uptr program presents a disk
catalog as a menu to input the file names to be
word processed. One file name, or up to 50 file
names say be keyed in from the catalog listing.
Some of these files may be "pre-formatted line
files" and others may be un-formatted paragraph
files.
As file names are keyed in the word processor
"samples" the file and detects if the file is
already formatted into lines, and if so, the
file's line length is recorded in a buffer to be
recalled to set the line length and margins during
word processing.
When all file names to be processed are
entered into the "scheduler" the program proceeds
to word process all files elected, as a single
continuous document print out. Line files are
printed to paper "in their already formatted" line
lengths. Un-formatted files are word processed to
the user's input desired line length. Headers are
printed if present in the files being word
processed. The result is a word processed
document that can contain from one to fifty disk
data files, all files joined and sequenced in the
order selected. The types of files word processed
may be:
1. The Daisy and Udbm Text paragraph files.
2. Sequential paragraph files.
3. Sequential Line Files.
4. Page Macro Line Files.
5. Sequential Page Macro Files.
6. The Dbx Record files.
7. The Daisy Outline Files.
8. Code Ascii files that have been transposed
into Page Macro Files.
9. Code Ascii Files that have been transposed
into Sequential line files.
10. Screen Macro Files.
TEXT ORIENTATION: The use of the "built in"
Disk Library manager allows the user to
selectively view the data within any disk data
file. The Viewing of several files before word
processing them can be a big help in selecting the
data files to be word processed, and deciding the
sequence order for them to be processed. The
word processor needs all data files to be "in the
same disk". But during operation the disk
utilities can be used and if data files need to be
transfered one can break-in and LOAD a data file
from one disk, then re-save it to the disk to be
used for word processing. <CONTINUE> will then
resume program operation. Such is the flexibility
of choice when operating Basic programs.
The Uptr program word processes such mixtures
of Data base files as; Random length
two- dimensioned character array files, Random
length Sequential Data base files, Record
Character array files of three dimensions, Outline
"twin character arrays" of two and three
dimensions, Page length character array line
files, Indefinite length Character array Line
Files, Sequential line files, Sequential Page
Macro Files, and such files as created by the
Cdbse program to be discussed next.
file M Cdbse,B6 H Software
vuyoc stands for Code Data Base. This is
an unusual program that manages Code Ascii files
"outside of their home software environment". If
there is anything traditional about computer
software it is the "exclusivity" of data files,
and the inability to process data files "except by
using the software that created the data file".
Here- to-fore any data file, to be managed,
required the data file to be loaded to "The
Software that created the file". Indeed, if we
intend to manage "just one data file" then the
most efficient way to do it is to "Load the
software that created the data". But perhaps we
may want to manage two or more data files created
by Mscript, Tasword, or Mterm.
Tasword files wont dance with Mscript, nor
Mterm, and none will associate with the other.
(We could relate this to some of the World's
social problems, eh?)
Anyway, while publishing Update Magazine
there were numerous occasions when there was a
need to mingle Tasword, Mscript, and Mterm "Code
Ascii Files", and the capability was not present
in our vast TS-2068 software library..
"Cdbse. B6 H was developed originally and given
to public domain as the program named "MS-TAS".
That program would "read and word process" any
Code Ascii file that was originally created with
the Tasword or Mscript programs.
Further needs resulted in the expansion of
the original program. Now, Cdbse does much more.
There was a need to be able to "join" Code Ascii
Files and to word process them "in-chain" with
other data base files "of the Sequential files and
the Character array Files" varieties. An Editing
capability was needed for Code Ascii Files when
processing the files "outside of their "Mother's
environment". So, two more Annex programs were
"Opt
developed and the main program was re-named to
become "Cdbse. B6".
Cdbse.B6 works on DISK DATA FILES that were
Saved by Mscript, Tasword, or Mterm. These are
"Code Ascii Files" stored in disk. The
composition of these code files is M pre-formatted
lines". Each of the files have different ways of
separating the lines and formatting between
paragraphs.
The Cdbse program gives us a Menu of
management options. The first job to accomplish
is to LOAD a code file from disk. The Cdbse
program LOADS one of these different code files,
and then DISPLAYS the text data on screen. We
must then examine the displayed text and determine
the "Line Length" that the text is formatted to.
We only need to see the first few lines of a data
file to examine and find the formatted line
length. Once the line length is determined, we
"Jab Break" to avoid having the whole text file
scroll to its end. When we discontinue the
viewing of the file, the program prompts for INPUT
LINE LENGTH. Then the Menu is returned to screen,
and we are ready for the options for processing
the data file. The options at Menu are (not in
order) :
<5> Word Process the Code File. This
elective prints the code file in the format that
its "mother program" had formatted it (line length
and spacing).
<4> Move Code to a Sequential File. This
reads the code file being processed into a
Sequential File of Lines, in disk, which can be
later word processed either singly or "in chain"
with data files of 9 other types (The Daisy and
Udbm Data Files).
<6> Pagenate File. This elective results in
the Code File being processed and changed into
either "Page Length" or indefinite length
Character array File? of Lines, which also may be
word processed singly or in-chain with 9 other
Daisy and Udbm data file types.
<7> Codenate a Data Base. This elective
"reverses the electives 4 and 6 above. Existing
Sequential Files or Character Array files in disk
may be loaded and transformed into either Mscript
or Tasword Code files to be processed by those two
programs. As the files are transformed they are
formatted to a desired line length and codes added
for recognition by the Mscript of Tasword
programs.
Electives 4 and 6 above will provide the
capability to EDIT the lines of the transposed
Code file, which are now in Character array form.
Editing is accomplished by using the Udbm.B6
program.
Hybiscus Availability
All of the Hybiscus softwares (except the
long Daisy program) will be published as Tutorial
programs in the 1991 issues of Update Magazine,
and possibly in User Group Newsletters (in order
to hasten the presentation). The articles will be
documentation acclumulative to the manual and the
extensive HELP files contained in the Five disks
provided with the softwares. The Hybiscus
ensemble will be split into two Issue Disks, named
"Daisy" and "Udbm.B6", and will be made available
for ordering. Or, the whole ensemble of five
disks and manual may be ordered from me as a
package for the price of $38.00.
Previous purchasers of the Daisy Software may
return their original disks for replacement with
the up-graded Daisy Software for $4.00 mailing
costs.
The distribution of this software ensemble is
intended to be at the lowest cost possible to
defray distribution expenses. As most TS-2Q6S
users know, I am always available for telephone
help, and I enjoy talking with other Sinclair
Timex users.
Bill Jones. (904 871 4513)
1317 Stratford Ave.
Panama City, FL 32404
The Issue Dish
Two issue Disks are now available from Update
Magazine. Please specify for either 40 or 80
Track Drive.
Daisy =B6 Ensemble, For LKDOS Systems only.
Includes all programs described in the article
except the Udbm.B6 software.
Price: $22.00 post paid.
Udbm.B6 Ensemble. For LKDOS Systems only.
Includes all programs described in the article
except the Daisy. B6 software.
Price: $22.00 post paid.
Oliger DOS Users who are interested in
obtaining this software please send an Interest
Card. If at least ten SAFE users express interest
a Version will be programmed and supplied.
Issue Disk Orders to: Update Magazine
P.O.Box toqs
Peru, IN 46970
6
OL I GER AUTD-HENU
by Bill F errebee
I have owned and programed on the TS2068 since its intro-
duction. But finally in the past month I have converted to disk
drive. I obtained not one, but TWO disk interfaces - 0LI6ER and
LARKEN . Until now I have relied on my lowly cassette recorder.
To avoid "technology shock", I decided to concentrate on
learning one T/S DOS at a time. I flipped a coin, and the Oliger
system won out.
I'm glad that I did start with the Oliger. The DOS is a
natural extension to cassette I/O commands. Simply add a "/"
between the command and the filename (ex: LOAD/ "abc"), and the
disk interface does the rest. (By the way, the most recent
version of Oliger DOS is 2.55)
Instead of waiting 2-3 minutes for a program to load, I'm
ready to work in 2 - 3 seconds! The Oliger also auto-verifys all
SAVEs, so I save even more time!
For a New Year's resolution, I have set a deadline of December
3lf 1991 to have al I of my software converted to disk. To make
the goal even harder to attain, I am only going to use the NMI
save when there is no way to break and modi fy a program.
To start my assult on this challange, I decided to convert all
of the programs (except for the Larken utilities) on my BYTE
POWER magazine tapes to Oliger format. I also converted their
Desktop Publishing package, PRINT FACTORY.
X felt the best way to collect these programs on disk would be
by catagory, such as Arcade Games, Graphics, Buisness, etc. With
12 tapes of material to work with (not including PRINT FACTORY) ,
I knew I would end up with full disks for each catagory.
I knew that the Oliger DOS reserves Track 0 for the disk
catalog, as well as room to include an Auto-Start menu program.
I also wanted my converted disks to run and look as professional
as possible. So I devised a very simple, yet good-looking menu
system.
The simplicity comes from using INKEY* to facilitate program
selection. It allows almost instantaneous loading of a program,
while providing efficient error-trapping.
The professional look comes from the use of a SCREENS as the
menu itself. The SCREENS can be created with any TS2068 graphics
program (I used BYTE POWER'S "QUICK SCREEN"). Through the use of
a variety of fonts and graphics, an attractive, yet functional
menu can be designed.
The listing accompaning this article is the one I designed to
use with the PRINT FACTORY package. It can be easily modified to
suit your needs. I have also included a few of the "menu"
SCREENS I created for various disks.
Once you have your listing completed, save it with: SAVE/ 0 .
Then it can be loaded with: LOAD CENTER] .
9
To complete the system, you need to modify each program on the
disk to return to the "menu" when you quit a program. Break into
each program, and determine where it "quits". At this point, add
the command: CLEAR 65535s LOAD . This will reset the computer
and reload the menu.
I hope you get as much use out of this idea as I have. Let me
see what great looking "menus" you come up with for your disks!
OLIGER Menu Program for 'PRINT FACTORY*
CLS
BORDER 1: PAPER 1: INK
LOAD / " PFMENU " SCREEN*
IF INKEY*<>"" THEN GO TO 5
IF INKEY*=" " THEN GO TO 6
IF INKEY*«"0" THEN LOAD /"FIRST1.
THEN LOAD /"FIRST1,
THEN LOAD /"PRESS"
THEN LOAD /"LETTER*
IF INKEYS-" 1 "
IF INKEY*="2"
IF INKEY*»"3"
IF INKEY*="4'«
IF INKEY*="5"
IF INKEY*="6"
INKEY*«"7"
INKEY*="8"
INKEY*
INKEY*
INKEY*«"q
1
2
5
6
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22 GO TO 6
25 PRINT AT 21,8; "Are you sure?<y/n)"
26 IF INKEY*<>"" THEN GO TO 26
27 IF INKEY***"" THEN GO TO 27
28 IF INKEY*»"Y" OR INKEY*="y" THEN RANDOMIZE USR 0
29 IF INKEY*» ,, N" OR INKEY*«"n" THEN RUN
30 GO TO 27
IF
IF
IF
IF
IF
THEN LOAD
THEN LOAD
THEN LOAD
THEN LOAD
THEN LOAD
9" THEN LOAD
p" THEN LOAD
•LABELER"
•CARDMAKER"
•BANNER"
•QUICKSCRN"
•CREATOR*"
•FILEKEEPER"
•COPIER"
PR I
s
E
L
E
C
T
] CO 1989 BYTE POWER
THE
NT FACTORY
t:?
QUICK SCREEN
The CREATOR*
The FILE KEEPE.k„
The SCREEN COPIER
QUIT
OLIGER
THEN GO TO 25
i 92222233232999999999999999999 9
5YTE POWER
IBUISNESSB^iDISKi
"RRCRDE m 5 DISK Of*
*? SELECT *?
SPEED COMPARISON BETWEEN
20 68 PASCAL and COMPILED BASIC (TIMACHINE)
by Larry Kenny
Recently, I have been working on using my Timex/Sinclair 2068 to
control a 3-axis drilling/routing machine using stepper motors. To make
the machine move in arcs and circles I needed to use the sine and cosine
functions in the Timex/Sinclair 2068 ROM. After trying some BASIC and
machine language (using the floating point interpreter) routines I found
that the program couldn't run nearly fast enough to keep the machine
busy at full speed.
I asked David Solly- who is a long time HiSoft Pascal user, to write
me a test program using its sine/cosine functions so I could test it
against Timex/Sinclair 2068 BASIC and compiled BASIC.
The test program plots around a circle 100 times. Here are the
results .
Timex/Sinclair 2068 BASIC interpreted 150 seconds
Compiled BASIC (Timachine) 126 seconds
HI-SOFT PASCAL 18 seconds
Wow! The Pascal really flies even when doing floating point math.
It has all its own math routines built in and doesn't do any ROM calls.
That also means that the compiled code can be burnt into an eprom and
run on a Z80 based CPU without the Timex ROM resident.
The compiled BASIC is only slightly faster that regular BASIC when
the floating point routines are used. Even calling the Timex/Sinclair
2068 floating point routines from machine code doesn't make much
difference .
If you are writing a program that does a lot of calculation such as
a spread sheet, 3d graphics, or CAD etc, Pascal will far out perform
BASIC.
Anyone interested in Timex/Sinclair 2068 Pascal can leave a message
on the Ottawa TS BBS at (613)745-8838. If you have a LKDOS disk system
I have converted Pascal's internal file routines for disk instead of
tape. There are also numerous Pascal source files on the BBS. 1
The version of HiSoft Pascal which has been converted to
address the Larken system is 1.7M which requires the use of
a Spectrum emulator ROM to run on the Timex/Sinclair 2068.
For additional information write to: David Solly, Sysop,
Sir Clive's Castle BBS, 1402-1545 Alta Vista Drive, Ottawa,
Ontario, Canada K1G 3P4.
1 1
Timex/Sinclair 2068 BASIC Circle Listing
5 REM ! OPEN # (Timachine only)
10 LET RAD - 50
20 FOR A-0 TO 628 STEP .5
30 PLOT 80 + RAD * SIN A , 80 + RAD * COS A
40 NEXT A
50 PRINT "END OF PROGRAM "
HISOFT Pascal circle listing
1 PROGRAM CIRCLE;
2 PROCEDURE PLOT (ON : BOOLEAN; X, Y : INTEGER);
3 BEGIN
4 IF ON THEN WRITE (CHR (21) , CHR ( 0) )
5 ELSE WRITE (CHR (21) , CHR (1) ) ;
6 INLINE (#FD, #21, #3A, #5C,
7 #DD, #46, 2, #DD, #4E, 4,
8 #CD, #E5, #22);
9 END;
10 PROCEDURE CIRC;
11 CONST RAD -=50;
12 VAR
13 A : REAL; ON : BOOLEAN;
14 BEGIN
15 A := 0; ON := TRUE;
16 REPEAT
17 PLOT (ON, ENTIER (80 + RAD * SIN(A)),
18 ENTIER (80 + RAD * COS (A) ) ) ;
19 A A + 0.5;
20 UNTIL A > 628;
21 END;
22 BEGIN ( *MAIN PROGRAM*)
23 CIRC;
24 WRITELN ( ' END OF PROGRAM');
25 END.
Sir Clive's Castle BBS
ZX SPECTRUM * T/S 2068
QWERTYUIOP
ASDFGHJKL RET
ZXCVBNMSSP
LKDOS
1402-1545 Alta Vista Drive
Ottawa, Ontario
Canada
K1G 3P4
(613)745-8838
300/1200 Baud
24 Hours A Day
Message Bases
Sinclair Computer Information
Sinclair File Transfers
LARKEN DOS SIG
Pascal Programming SIG
No User Fees!
1 1
NEW QL ISSUE DISK FOR UPDATE MAGAZINE
We are proud to once again be able to offer to our
subscribers another piece of OL software done by a North American.
For those who have need of learning how the MS-DOS world of
computing works, or who have to work with them at work and have
grown comfortable with them... we now have QLUMSI ! This will allow
your QL to act darn near as if it was an IBM compatible. For those
with a QL who have contemplated buying Solution or PC Conqueror, it
will provide an inexpensive way to decide if you want to invest the
money. This program is available on disk from UPDATE COMPUTER
SYSTEMS for $22.00. Other programs are added to help fill the disk.
QLuMSi DOS
QLuMSi DOS ( QL . using . M » cr^S" ft . interface Disk Operating Simulation)
is a MEMory_RESident front-end program which will give your QL much
of the look and feel of an industry standard personal computer by
converting standard DOS syntax to QDOS syntax at- the-PROMPT.
Note: an implicit ' <ENTER>* follows statements such as
"Typing 'HELP* ... " within the text explanations.
The following COMMANDS are supported (Typing "HELP" will display
this list):
CLS COPY DATE DEL
DIR FORMAT FREE MEM
PRINT RENAME STAT TIME
TYPE VER VIEW
Typing "HELP ..." (where is the name of a supported command)
will reveal more detailed information.
Typing "BASIC" allows you to QUIT the program shell.
You can toggle to SuperBASIC with a ' ConTRoL C key combination.
The PATH is the dr i ve_dev ice . The beginning PATH is » A : ' / ' f lpl_' .
To change to 'flp2_' simply type 'b:' or 'B:' followed by the
ENTERJkey. To change to 'mdvl_' simply type 'm:' or 'M:'; etc.
As you probably know, the industry standard DOS for microcomputers
is a non-mult i-TASKing environment. As in the industry standard
environment, simply typing a valid ' I f i lename . ext ] ' at the PROMPT
will EXEC__W any application:
If you mis-type the name, or the file does not exist on the medium,
then QLuMSi will respond with a "Bad command or file name" message.
If the '[ filename . ext ] ' has an extension (e.g., ' _exe ' ) then you
must include this in the ' I f i lename . ex t ] ' .
HAPPY TRAILS, AND COMPUTING, TO YOU ...
AL FENG
15 WAKE ROBIN COURT
W00DRIDGE, IL 60517
708-971-0495
1 3
WANTED OR EOR SALE
1) Programs for the TS100, TS1500 and TS2068, formerly offered
by Games To Learn By, new or demo only. Price is $5 + .50 for
shipping and handling. Send S.A.E. for list to Mark Yost, P.O.
Box 187, Canton, CT 06019 or call 203-693-6511.
2) Wanted, customers needing repairs or mods to their Sinclairs!
Business phone number as of 1991 is 417-469-4571 as the business
has moved back to Cabool and left St. Louis. Dan Elliott, Rt 1,
Box 117, Cabool, MO 65689.
3) UPDATE COMPUTER SYSTEMS, large quarterly magazine supporting
the TS2068, Spectrum, QL and Z88. Sample at first class mail is
$4.95 (counts toward subscription price if you decide to
subscribe) or $18.00 per year to: UPDATE COMPUTER SYSTEMS, P.O.
BOX 1095, PERU, IN 46970. NO PRICE INCREASE IN 1991.
4) Jerry Wheeler of 320 Elder St., Portland, IN 47371, has a
TS2068, TS2020, TS2040 , programs, etc. for sale. All working
fine.
5) For Sale for QL: Integrated Accounts (3 mdv_carts) for $40,
Nucleon (2 mdv_carts) for $15, Speedscreen ROM (1 mdv_cart) for
$30. Al Feng, 15 Wake Robin Crt . , Woodridge, II 60517.
708-971-0495.
6) For Sale: TS1500, TS2040 , 3 rolls 2040 paper, software and
books. $140 or best offer to Brian Fouts, 211 Emerson Dr.,
Seymour, IN 47274 or phone 812-522-8987.
7) For Sale: A & J 2000 Stringy Floppy for the TS2068, with
MSCRIPT on cartridge, plus 3 blank cartridge wafers for $65.00
which includes postage and handling. Frank Davis, 513 E. Main,
Peru, IN 46970 or phone 317-473-8031.
8) Wanted: Some way of connecting my ZX-81 and my monitor.
Armand Drucker, 194-02A 67 Ave., Flushing, NY 11365.
9) Wanted: Someone to handle the duplication and distribution of
Public Domain program tapes for the SNUG Library, as I no longer
am handling cassette tapes for the library. Just not enough time
or reliability with my aging tape decks. Please? Contact Frank
Davis at 513 East Main St., Peru, IN 46970.
10) Wanted: Back issues of QL World. Will pay $2 per issue, plus
shipping if it is one I do not have in my library. Contact Eliad
P. Wannum, c/o UPDATE COMPUTER SYSTEMS, P.O. Box 1095, Peru, IN
46970.
11) For Sale: TAX-I-QL, a tax program to use your QL to do your
taxes, with the use of the spreadsheet program that came with
your QL. You can file the printout from the computer to the IRS.
It needs to have 256K RAM expansion. It is available on disk for
$24.95 or $27.95 for MDV. Order from EMSoft division, P.O. Box
8763, Boston , MA 02114-8763.
14
Logic mil V4.3
by Bob Swoger
When I received my LarKen disk operating system for my T/S 2068
back in 1988 I found I could do everything the expensive
machines could do even Sequential and Random Access files. The
only thing that seemed strange was having utilities on disk that
I used to have ready to call in ROM. Also having to type
RANDOMIZE USR 100: GOTO 4: RANDOMIZE USR 100: LOAD "FORMAT. BL"
seemed to me to be a lot to type just to format a disk. So what
to do? I wrote LogiCall.
A GUIDED T®ur:
John Shepard in Mississippi called me one evening after SMUGfest
as he had a slight problem when he installed his LarKen DOS
cartridge into his AERCO disk system. He had neglected to cut a
wire mentioned in the instructions. But this gave me an
opportunity to give him a guided tour of LogiCall.
"Put the LogiCall disk #1 into drive 0, hold down the ENTER key
and turn on the power. What happened?" I asked. "Drive 0 came on
and I have the CATalog on my screen .. except it's also telling
me what drive I'm looking at." was John's reply. "That's the
LogiCall screen and in the lower left of the screen?" "It's
asking for a drive number." "Ok, just touch 0 or ENTER. You'll
stay on drive 0." "Now it's asking for a program name." he said.
"RIGHT! Now touch your FORMAT key and hit ENTER." "My FORMAT
menu is on the screen except there is a 0 selection to EXIT." he
replied. "Now touch 0" "I'm back to LogiCall." said he. "RIGHT!
Now just hit ENTER at the Drive? prompt and touch your MOVE key
and hit ENTER at the PROGRAM? prompt." "My MOVE menu is on the
screen and there is a 0 selection to EXIT." he replied. "Now
touch 0" "I'm back to LogiCall." said he. "I'll show you why,
type H and ENTER" "A HELP menu is on my screen!" "RIGHT! hit
ENTER again." "A second page!" "Yep, two pages of one key
operation for LK-DOS with LogiCall. Now hit ENTER." "Back to
LogiCall." he said. "At the PROGRAM? prompt type W and enter."
"My TASWORD TWO word processor!" he was laughing at this point.
"Now select either e or q on the TASWORD menu." "I'm back in
LogiCall" "At the PROGRAM prompt type T and ENTER." "I'm in
MTERM!" more laughter. "Now at the MTERM menu select E for exit
to BASIC and then RUN and ENTER." "I'm back in LogiCall." he
said. "Ok, now at the PROGRAM? prompt type BROOKE. C$ and enter."
"I'm looking at a picture of Brooke Shields!" this time
giggling. "Hit ENTER and at the PROGRAM? prompt type ldoc.CT"
"That would be a TASWORD file wouldn't it? Hey! it's printing to
the screen." "Yep, that is the LogiCall doc files and you will
print it out from TASWORD to use as your LogiCall manual. Now
let's say we are too lazy to want to type in a program name. At
the PROGRAM? prompt just hit ENTER." "AUTOSTART just lit up." he
said. "Now just use the arrow keys to get down the CATalog to
VUCALC.B1 then hit ENTER." "OK, I'm looking at the VU-CALC
start-up screen ... now I'm looking at the VU-CALC main screen
with it's menu at the top." "Good, now type #q and ENTER. You
are now looking at a new menu I wrote that gives the new VU-CALC
help menu and an exit to LogiCall option. Press 0 and your back
to LogiCall . "
1 5
"Now consider the fact that you have just turned on your machine
and have loaded SEVEN programs into your machine one after
another, looked at two data files on the screen, all in less
than three minutes, and have not yet turned off your machine to
RESET it." I said. "NEAT! This is GREAT stuff!" he said, "But
how do I make an AUTOSTART file to start up Logical 1 on
boot-up?" he asked. "Easy, at the PROGRAM? prompt type A, wait
for the tune, then type D and the job is done." "Your kidding,
what about disk space?" he asked. "AUTOSTART only uses one track
and LogiCall only uses one. And of course they both work in the
SPECTRUM mode."
"What is the DISKS. Bl file in the CATalog?" he asked. "Load it."
I said. "It is there to assist you in locating all those great
programs that you now own. I have over 300 disks to keep track
of. You eyeball scan the menu boards using the 'N' [ext] and
'B f [ack] or number keys to find the needed disk(s) in your
library cases, there is room for forty eases. DISKS. Bl is your
Disk Filing System. S and ENTER saves your changes to DISKS. Bl
and returns you to LogiCall. TAPES. Bl is the version for tape
back-up storage."
WHAT is LogiCall:
LogiCall is an Auxiliary Operating System (AOS) that makes
getting around in a LarKen multi-drive system as easy as
entering the drive number you wish to go to and entering the
program name you wish to run. Even if you don't have a
multi-drive system yet, LogiCall will still be of benefit to
you.
Unlike operating systems which reside in the computer's RAM and
take up precious program space, LogiCall exits the machine when
a new program is LOADed in and returns when you're through with
that program. Some of the features of LogiCall are:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
Automatic display of disk directory. (Catalog)
Asks you for the drive you wish to use next. TAPE? Sure!
Asks you for the program you wish to run next.
Allows you to SCAN select the program to LOAD in.
Easily creates the AUTOSTART program on disk.
Easily adds itself to disk.
Easy ERASE routine.
Easy RENAME routine.
Easy Calls for FORMAT and MOVE.
Easy call for Word processor.
Easy call for Terminal software.
Easy call for CRC (disk verification) .
Easy call for running AUTOSTART.
Displays SCREEN$ and decoded RLE pictures on screen.
Prints directory out on TS2040 for disk labeling.
Displays WP files to screen without use of WP.
Lets you change drives at the 'Program? 1 prompt.
Runs on MAX DOS and SPECTRUM modes.
Written in BASIC to allow user customization.
Contains convenient HELP screens.
No RESET switch needed to terminate programs!
Keeps you informed as to current DRIVE. (V4.3_3 only)
All of this on one block, [one disk track] .
1 6
WHY Logical! works:
LogiCall contains all the COMMAND strings needed to run LK-DOS .
It can therefore prompt you for what you wish to do and it will
do it for you without you having to do all the typing. LogiCall
(L.B1) and AUTOSTART created by LogiCall should be on the
RAM-DISK and every floppy you have. AUTOSTART can be modified to
start programs other than L(ogiCall) .Bl once it has been
installed. This procedure will be discussed later. The program
DISKS. Bl should be on the RAM-DISK or on the Boot-up disk in
DRIVE 0 if you don't have the RAM-DISK.
INSTALLING the L@giCaI! Auxiliary Operating Systsro:
Enter the program L.B1 into your machine, run it and enter the
drive number that you wish to store it on. Then enter ' S» [ave]
at the 'Program?' prompt, hit <ENTER> and the program, L.B1,
will be stored on the current disk. Now enter 'A' [UTOSTART] at
the 'Program?' prompt, hit <ENTER>, then 'D* and the program
AUTOSTART will be stored on the disk. (If you are in the
SPECTRUM mode, type GOTO 460 after the ERROR, then 'D' and the
program AUTOSTART will be stored on the disk.)
MODIFYING AUTOSTART:
To modify the AUTOSTART program to run something other than
LogiCall at boot-up, press 'A' and ENTER at the PROGRAM? prompt
and wait for the tune. Then press 'A' instead of 'D*. This will
break the AUTOSTART program. Modify line 420 with the name and
extension of the file you wish AUTOSTART to run, then type GOTO
460 and 'D' to reinstall the modified AUTOSTART.
If you wish to use the 'PRINT #4:' feature that Larry Kenny
mentions in his manual, then modify line 410 removing the REM
from that line. However, do not do this if you are using LK-DOS
on a JLO system or strange things may happen. If also conflicts
with the ZEBRA TALKER.
MODIFYING ©listing programs:
You will now have to modify the other programs on disk to LOAD
L.B1 upon completion of those programs. Most programs are saved
on lines above 9990 or should be, so add line 9998 CLEAR:
RANDOMIZE USR 100: LOAD "L.B1" to the program. L.B1 will then be
run after each successful save. I use 9999 for tape back-up
saves .
On programs that are menu driven, add a selection '0.) EXIT 1 to
the menu that directs the program to the new line 9998. On
programs that end with a STOP statement you can either modify it
to read 'STOP: GOTO 9998' so that entering CONTINUE <ENTER> after
the STOP occurs will load L.B1, or change the STOP statement to
read GOTO 9998. Also, modify MSCRIPT to use the extender .Cm
and not .CM as Larry uses .CM for NMI saves.
USING LogiCaH's features:
The HELP screen displays the keys that give the desired results.
Just press 'H 1 or '?' at either prompt to see the HELP file. On
it you will see that entering 'W at the 'Program?' prompt will
LOAD in the TASWOR.BA word processor and »T' will LOAD in the
MTERM2.B1 terminal software.
1.7
At the 'Program? 1 prompt you can enter *7* or 'E' <ENTER> and
you will get the * ERASE 1 prompt. Enter the name with the
extender of the file to be erased, <ENTER> and the file will be
removed from the directory.
If you enter '8' <ENTER> (sorry, but this is the only one that
isn't logical), you will get the 1 RENAME"", n " ' prompt. Enter the
name and extender of the file to be renamed, <ENTER>, then the
new file name with it's extender, <ENTER> and the file will be
renamed. [ MOVE.BL will try to LOAD in on V4.1_2 ]
If you enter *9' or 'L' [ist] <ENTER> you will get a fresh
CATalog printed on your screen. Use this if you have just
swapped disks in your current drive.
You can enter '0' or 'F' [ormat] <ENTER> and '6* or 'M' [ove]
<ENTER> to call in FORMAT. BL and MOVE.BL, if they are on the
current drive, to perform the FORMAT, COPY (BACK-UP) , MOVE and
RENAME functions.
If you enter 'Z' <ENTER> you will get a COPY on your T/S 2040
printer of the directory screen which can be placed in the
sleeve with the disk to show what all is on the disk.
Use 'N' [ew] to activate AUTOSTART again.
If you enter 'R' or 'V [erify] <ENTER> you will check your disk
for CRC errors.
If the CATalog directory is too large for the screen, 'B' [reif]
will give you a brief CATalog if you are not in the SPECTRUM
mode.
At the 'Program?' prompt hitting <ENTER> without first typing in
a filename will put you into the 'Scan LOAD' mode. The space bar
or any key in the lower rows will advance the pointer down the
screen and the top row of keys will send the pointer back toward
the top. <ENTER> will LOAD in the selected program. The arrow
keys and 'A' and 'Q' , will work as expected.
If you enter a file with an extender of '.C$' at the 'Program?'
prompt then LogiCall will assume that the file is a screen file
and display it on the screen for you. If you enter a file with
an extender of '.Cm' [not .CM] or ' .CT' at the 'Program?' prompt
then LogiCall will assume that the file is an MSCRIPT or TASWORD
TWO word processor file and will display it on the screen
directly from disk.
When you are finished with the program, you do one of four
things :
1 . ) Quit from the program ' s menu .
2. ) STOP the program and then CONTINUE <ENTER>.
3. ) STOP the program and enter 'GOTO 9998' <ENTER>.
4. ) RUN the program's BASIC driver which will LOAD L.B1.
The disk directory will again appear on the screen with the word
'DRIVE? ' at the bottom of the screen and you can go again as
before. [No need for a RESET switch!!]
People, not computers, should be buligerent, so, if you enter
»1\ '2', '3' or '4' <ENTER> at the 'Program?' prompt LogiCall
will access that drive and show you it's CATalog. If you know
that FORMAT. Bl is not on the current drive then entering '0'
<ENTER> will access Drive 0.
1 &
If you have TROUBLE:
The LogiCall version number in the first line of the program is
followed by the LARKEN LKDOS EPROM version number L[ogiCall] .Bl
has to work with. Each system, AERCO, LARKEN, OLIGER and RAMEX,
require different FORMAT programs. Also, version 2 EPROMS are
unable to do RENAME, and other features, requiring different
versions of this software. The program below is for LK-DOS
version L3. If you have another version contact me by phone at
the numbers listed at the end of the program. I'll be glad to
help.
2 GO TO VAL "49": REM — = L.B1 =— WRITTEN BY ROBERT SWOGER
1988 V4.3L3
3 IF INKEY$<>"" THEN GO TO PI
5 RETURN
6 PRINT #RND; "DRIVE? "; : RETURN
10 PAUSE PEEK VAL "23728"^ (PEEK VAL "23728">H) : RANDOMIZE USR
H: POKE VAL "8200", VAL "8195": LET D8=USR VAL "110": LET
D9«(D8=VAL "4")+ (VAL "2"* (D8-VAL "8") )+ (INT PI* (D8=VAL
"16"))+(VAL n 4"*(D8=VAL ,, 128")): INK VAL "9": PAPER SGN PI:
BORDER SGN PI: BRIGHT NOT PI: CLS : RANDOMIZE USR H: CAT "", :
PRINT "Drive # 00";D9;: RETURN
20 GO SUB PI: FOR R=NOT PITO VAL "15": FOR C=NOT PITO VAL "16"
STEP VAL "16"
25 LET P$="": FOR I=C TO C+VAL "8": LET S$=SCREEN$ (R, I): LET
P$=P$+S$: NEXT I: IF P$ (VAL "8" TO )="LK" THEN GO TO H
30 IF CODE P$<VAL "33" THEN GO TO VAL "48"
32 IF P$= M AUTOSTART" THEN GO TO VAL "38"
34 FOR J=SGN PITO VAL "7": IF P$(J)="." THEN GO TO VAL "38"
36 NEXT J: NEXT R
38 PRINT AT R,C; INVERSE SGN PI;P$: INPUT "": PRINT
#RND; "Program? ";P$: PAUSE NOT PI: PRINT AT R,C;P$
40 IF PEEK LOVAL "10" AND PEEK LOVAL "11" AND PEEK LOVAL
"54 n AND PEEK LOVAL "55" THEN GO TO VAL "44"
42 LET R=R+ (PEEK L=VAL "10")+ (PEEK L=VAL "54") - (PEEK L=VAL
W 11 ,, )-(PEEK L=VAL "55"): GO TO VAL "25"
46 LET R=R+ (PEEK L=VAL "9")+ (PEEK L=VAL "10")+ (PEEK L=VAL
"32")+ (PEEK L=VAL "54")+ (PEEK L=VAL "56") -(PEEK L<VAL
"58 W )-(PEEK L=VAL "81" OR PEEK L=VAL "113" ) : IF PEEK L=VAL "13"
THEN GO TO VAL "200"
48 NEXT C: NEXT R: GO TO H
49 CLEAR VAL "63222": POKE VAL "23658", VAL "8": LET H=VAL
w 100 w : LET L=VAL "23560": GO SUB VAL "9"
50 GO SUB PI: GO SUB VAL "6"
60 PAUSE NOT PI: LET D$=CHR$ PEEK L: IF D$<"0" OR D$>"4" AND
D$<>"H W AND D$<>"T" AND D$<>"Q" THEN IF CODE D$OVAL "13" THEN
GO TO VAL "60"
65 IF CODE D$=VAL "13" THEN GO TO H
70 IF D$="Q" THEN STOP : RUN
75 IF D$="H" THEN GO TO VAL "500"
80 IF D$="T" THEN INPUT "": PRINT #RND; "Start tape": LOAD "":
GO TO H
85 PRINT #RND;USR H: GO TO VAL D$
90 IF VAL D$=D9 THEN GO TO H
95 GO SUB VAL "9"
100 GO SUB PI: POKE VAL "23728", H: INPUT "Program? "; LINE P$:
IF P$="" THEN GO TO VAL "20"
105 GO SUB PI: IF P$>="1" AND P$<="4" THEN LET D$=P$ : GO SUB
VAL "6": GO TO VAL "85"
110 IF P$="A" OR P$="a" THEN GO TO VAL "430"
115 IF P$="B" OR P$="b" THEN CLS : RANDOMIZE USR H: CAT ".B"",:
PRINT "Drive # 00";D$: GO TO H
120 IF P$="D" OR P$="d" THEN GO TO VAL "50"
125 IF P$="E" OR P$="e" OR P$="7" THEN GO TO VAL "300"
i *
130 IF P$="8" THEN GO TO VAL "320"
135 IF P$*="F" OR P$="f" OR P$="0" THEN RANDOMIZE USR H: LOAD
"FORMAT. Bl": RANDOMIZE USR H: GO TO NOT PI: GO TO VAL "95"
140 IF P$="H" OR P$="h" OR P$="?" THEN GO TO VAL "500"
145 IF P$»"K" OR P$="k" THEN RANDOMIZE USR H: GO TO SGN PI:
RANDOMIZE USR H: SAVE "S.C$"SCREEN$ : RANDOMIZE USR H: GO TO D9
150 IF P$="L" OR P$="l" OR P$="9" THEN GO TO VAL "49"
155 IF P$="M" OR P$="m" OR P$="6" THEN RANDOMIZE USR H: LOAD
"MOVE.BL": GO TO VAL "20"
165 IF P$="Q" OR P$="q" THEN STOP : RUN
170 IF P$="R" OR P$="r" OR P$="V" OR P$="v" THEN RANDOMIZE USR
H: VERIFY "": GO TO H
175 IF P$="S" OR P$="s" THEN GO TO VAL "9990"
180 IF P$="T" OR P$="t" THEN RANDOMIZE USR H: LOAD "MTERM2 . Bl "
185 IF P$="W" OR P$="w" THEN RANDOMIZE USR H: LOAD "TASWOR.BA"
190 IF P$="Y" OR P$="y" THEN RANDOMIZE USR VAL "54016"
195 IF P$="Z" OR P$="z" OR P$="C" OR P$="c" THEN COPY : GO TO H
200 IF P$="N" OR P$-"n" OR P$= "AUTOSTART" THEN CLS : RANDOMIZE
USR H: NEW
205 FOR I=SGN PITO LEN P$
210 IF P$(I)="." THEN LET P$=P$ ( TO I+VAL "2"): GO TO VAL "230"
220 NEXT I: GO TO H
230 IF P$(I+SGN PI)="B" THEN GO TO VAL "280"
240 IF P$(LEN P$-SGN PITO )<>"C$" THEN GO TO VAL "270"
250 RANDOMIZE USR H: INK NOT PI: RANDOMIZE USR H: PAPER NOT PI:
BORDER NOT PI: RANDOMIZE USR H: LOAD P$SCREEN$ : PAUSE NOT PI:
RANDOMIZE USR H: INK VAL "7": RANDOMIZE USR H: PAPER NOT PI
260 PAUSE NOT PI: RANDOMIZE USR H: INK VAL "6": PAUSE NOT PI:
RANDOMIZE USR H: PAPER SGN PI: BORDER SGN PI: GO TO VAL "95"
270 IF P$(LEN P$-SGN PITO ) <>"Cm" AND P$ (LEN P$-SGN PITO
)<>"CT" THEN GO TO VAL "290"
275 CLS : RANDOMIZE USR H: PRINT P$: INPUT " Press ENTER to
RETURN CAT "; LINE a$: GO TO VAL "95"
276 REM PAPER VAL "7": BORDER VAL "7": CLS : RANDOMIZE USR VAL
"64300": PRINT CHR$ PI;: RANDOMIZE USR H: PRINT P$: INPUT "
Press ENTER to RETURN CAT "; LINE a$: GO TO VAL "95"
280 RANDOMIZE USR H: LOAD P$: GO TO VAL "95"
290 RANDOMIZE USR H: LOAD P$ CODE: GO TO VAL "95"
300 INPUT " ERASE ";E$
310 RANDOMIZE USR H: ERASE E$, : GO TO VAL "95"
320 INPUT "RENAME ";R$;",";S$
330 RANDOMIZE USR H: MOVE R$,S$: GO TO VAL "95"
400 CLEAR VAL "65367"
410 REM RANDOMIZE USR VAL "100": OPEN #VAL "4","dd"
420 RANDOMIZE USR VAL "100": LOAD "L.B1"
430 DELETE SGN PI, VAL "399"
440 DELETE VAL "480", VAL "9999"
450 DELETE VAL "430", VAL "459"
460 CLEAR VAL "27577"
470 RANDOMIZE USR VAL "102": GO TO VAL "400"
510 GO SUB PI: CLS : PRINT " HELP FILE
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%"; '" You may select drives T
thru 4"'" at the Program? prompt :";" "ENTER & space scans
CAT for LOAD "
520 PRINT "6 Calls in the MOVE program. ","7 ERASES file
from disk. ","8 RENAMES oldf ile, newf ile . ", "9 Refreshes the
CATalog.","0 Calls in the FORMAT program. ";"0_ Quit, halts
this program. ","R VERIFYs CRC is OK."'"S SAVEs this program
to disk.","T Calls in TERMINAL program. ","W Calls in WORD
PROCESSOR. ", "Z COPYs CATalog to printer."
530 PRINT '"Holding down CAPS SHIFT & BREAKduring AUTOSTART
sequence willbreak into AUTOSTART program.";
540 PRINT #RND; " Press <ENTER> to CONTINUE ": PAUSE NOT PI
560 GO SUB PI: PRINT AT VAL "7", NOT PI; "A Adds AUTOSTART to
disk.","B Gives a Brief CATalog. ","C COPYs CATalog to
2 0
printer. " , "D Returns the Drive? prompt. ", "F Calls in the
FORMAT program. "; "H Calls in this HELP file.'V'K Saves
$creen to disk.'V'M Calls in the MOVE program. ", "N NEW,
reactivates AUTOSTART ."' "V VERIFYs CRC is OK. u ,"Y RETURNS to
terminal mode."
570 PRINT • " Press <ENTER> at the Program? prompt and use the
arrow keys to select a program to LOAD in.";
580 PAUSE NOT PI: CLS : GO TO VAL "49"+ (D$<>"H" ) *VAL "46"
9992 RANDOMIZE USR H: SAVE "L.B1" LINE VAL "49"
9999 GO TO H
If you wish to have the entire two disk LogiCall Ensemble
call me weekdays at 708-576-8068 or evenings and weekends
at 708-837-7957.
Sorn© Mor e I deas on Han to G r~ e- s*. t e-
Mu 1 t i p 1 e Co 1 umns i n Z88 Pi pedrearn
I will describe how to create
these articles using 288 Pipedrearo
for a single page. This also works
for multiple pages although its a
little more tedious.
The first thing to do is change
the width of Column A with <>W to 40.
Then set a right margin of 38 with
OH.
At this time go to the Options
Menu of Pipedream with <>0. Set
Justify to Y. Set the page length. It
is usually 50 to 60 lines depending
on the document. Set Header, Footer
and Bottom to 0 and Left to 2.
Now the hard part! Go back to
Pipedream with ESCape and write the
article ent i rely in Column A.
Editing is more difficult with
multiple columns so 99% of the
editing is done with the text in
column A. Any insertions and
deletions of lines of text in
multiple columns must use the
commands OEIRC and OEDRC. ON and
OY insert and delete in ALL the
columns.
Once you are satisfied with the
text set the width of Column B at 40
with OW and the right margin at 38
with OH.
Now you are going to separate and
move your text into Column B.
There will be a jagged line
across the column where you
previously set the page length. Now
move the cursor one line past this
marker. Type < >Z and then move to the
end of the text with <> and Down
2 t
Arrow. Type OZ again. All the
selected text will be highlighted on
the screen.
Press TAB to move your cursor to
Column B and use the arrow keys to
put the Cursor where you want the
moved text to start.
Select Move from Pi pedream" s
Blocks Menu or type OBM. Your
selected text will be moved to your
cursor position.
That's all you have to do to put
your text into two columns as you see
it here.
Here is how to create the
Enlarged text at the top. Go to the
Printer Editor with Square E or from
the Index. The control codes for
Enlarged text on my printer are 14
for On and 20 for Off. Replace the
codes for User Defined with these
numbers. Now you must update the
Printer Driver with OFU.
Go to Pipedream and type < >PE
(User Defined) in the first position
of the text you want enlarged. The
text will not appear on the screen as
it does on the printer unlike the
other codes. A highlighted 8 will
appear where you typed this command.
Add spaces before the text in this
line to center the headline. Type
OPE at the end of the line of text
if you have more than one line.
Now just print the document with
< >P0 and you are finished!
By Dave Bennett
Note: <> = Diamond Key
OLIGER DISK DRIVE BBS PROGRAM ISSUE DISK-
UPDATE
The Mad Programmer: Paul Holmgren
Igor: Willie Jones
Welcome to a new experience in Timex telecommunications.
The Indiana Sinclair Timex Users Group was formed after the 1986
Mid-West TS computer Fest. Several of the members left the Fest
with a copy of T/S Tinyboard by Randy Gordon. At an early
meeting one of our members stated he had an extra phone line and
wanted to run Tinyboard as a service to the group.
After we got the BBs up and running he found it very difficult
to keep it running. It was decided that the program needed
looking at. After many examinations we decided to start over
with the goals of designing a reliable and easy to operate BBs.
Tinyboard, in the form we received it, did not work for us. No
reflection on Randy, we just needed and wanted more, and set out
to get it. After considerable trials and errors writing the
program, up- loading or Pony Expressing it to the operating
location to put it to the test; we succeeded. To test this type
of program you really need to use it to gain accurate
information when it crashs, of which we had our share.
A STRONG "Thank You" goes to Willie Jones. He ran each change as
they were made available and reported the bugs and crashes
accurately. Allowing the Mad Programmer to address the problems
without having actually seen them sometimes. We shared lots of
frustration before this was over.
Here are the results of many hours of design, testing,
rewriting, and of course, lots of debugging.
1. You do not need any expansion memory devices.
2. a real time clock, also advances the date at midnight
3. 5-40 message, message bases.
4. A quick message scan that lists the mess. no., date and
time left, and the To and From names.
5. a users log, if you wish.
6. A provision allowing non-Timex callers to use the bbs.
(some use a different code for NEWL I NE/ RETURN)
7. The callers name and date/time called, mess. no. left,
mess, read, Any messages to the SYSop, and when they log
off are all LPRINTED. It uses the 2040 for its ease, but
any setup will do. Our SYSop has found it a great tool for
managing the BBs.
8. EMAIL, send, receive, delete, all with privacy.
Since none of us had an expanded machine we used all the
programming tricks we could (at least the ones I know) to allow
some free memory for changes for a mass storage device and its
operation. Careful 1 study of the program will show you that we
did a lot of seemingly strange things with BASIC. There is a
reason to this madness. We worked real hard to save as much
memory as we could and maintain reasonable program speed. Where
program speed is important we did ok. Where we wanted to control
the speed or where memory saving tricks would not hurt us we did
the best we could. CAUTION: Because parts of the program jump
around Be REAL careful 1 if you start to change parts of it we do
not ask you to change.
CABLE COLUMN
By Bill Cable
ARCHIVE SERIES
PART 3 : First Commands or Close
Encounters of the First Kind
In this column we will finally load ARCHIVE
and use it We will start out slowly using the
most basic commands needed for database work :
QUIT, LOOK, OPEN, CLOSE, DISPLAY, FIRST,
LAST, NEXT, BACK. Extremely elementary so
anyone can follow along. There will be no
programming done. We will issue our commands
directly to the ARCHIVE prompt utilizing its
user friendly mode. Those who shun anything to
do with programming have no excuse for not
following along.
First I would like to pass on some interesting
information about ARCHIVE. I have been
converting my QL ARCHIVE programs to work
on PCs. 1 have had pretty good success which is
impressive considering how different the QL and
PC are. PC ARCHIVE is significantly faster but
my large programs have a tendency to have
random pauses of several seconds now and again
(memory management problems of some sort).
Trying to get more information on this problem I
called Rowan Prior of PSION USA in
Watertown, CT. PSION created ARCHIVE and
supplies it packaged as PC-FOUR with QUILL,
ABACUS, and EASEL. ARCHIVE has not been
revised in years and is essentially supplied as is
with no vendor support Rowan advised me to
contact Colin Hughs of TRANSFORM Ltd, 7C
Station Approach, Hayes, Kent, England, BR2
7EQ, Tel: 014481 462 4666. 1 did and Colin
advised me to break my programs into 12k
blocks. Something I don't have to do on the QL.
He also told me that TRANSFORM has a new
version of PC ARCHIVE which should be
available in January. It is called ARCH1VE+ and
has many new enhancements plus will be much
faster. It will run under DOS or UNIX and will
sell for about 250 pounds. I can be licensed to
provide ARCH1VE+ with my software for 50
pounds a copy. This is all very good news for me
since 1 use ARCHIVE as my primary
programming language. Now it seems, my
programming language will be up-to-date and
well supported, i was considering shopping for
another database language for my PC work but
now 1 won't have to. Apparently the British
military is a heavy user of ARCHIVE and that
provided enough incentive for the development
work. An excellent database system has risen
from the software graveyard. Watch out DBASE,
FOX-BASE, PARADOX CLARION,
HYPERCARD. I will provide more information
about ARCHIVE* when I get a copy. This only
indirectly helps the QL. But I have found the QL
ARCHIVE adequate for my QL needs. At least
QL users who take the time to learn ARCHIVE
will be able to apply the knowledge gained to
other computers.
PREPARATIONS FOR USING ARCHIVE
Now let us begin working with ARCHIVE. Make
a working copy of your original database
cartridge if you haven't already. It is important
to always have multiple backups of important
files. IF YOU EVER HAVE A FILE THAT
BECOMES CORRUPTED NEVER START
USING YOUR BEST BACKUP DIRECTLY.
MAKE A COPY OF IT AND WORK WITH
THE COPY. This is a universal principle no
matter what computer you use. Open your QL
manual to the ARCHIVE section. Become as
familiar with it as you can. It is the best
reference available. Pages 41-52 covering
command and function definitions are most
important Read them over and over as you play
with ARCHIVE. At first you won't understand
much but each time you will pick up a little
more. When you have error messages look them
up on pages 52-54.
STARTING ARCHIVE
1 will refer to microdrives (mdv) in my
descriptions below but substitute floppies (flp) or
RAM (ram) as you like. If you are confused
about configuring ARCHIVE to work with
floppies or RAM send a SASE for help. Reset
your QL put your ARCHIVE database cartridge
in mdv 1 and press <F1>. Archive will boot up
2 3
and you will sec boxes at the top, an open middle
area, a thick line near the bottom and a V below
with the cursor. This is ARCHIVE'S most user
friendly mode. It is a good configuration for
beginners. Later we will use more efficient
modes as ARCHIVE is quite adaptable.
ARCHIVE will execute each command directly
when you type them on the command line where
the cursor is. The boxes at the top provide
helpful information about what to do and what is
happening. Note that pressing <F1> will activate
the HELP system. With it you can query about
the various commands and functions of
ARCHIVE whenever you want It is fun to play
with the various levels of help and learn at the
same time. Pressing <F2> makes the top boxes go
away or reappear. This allows you to free up
more screen. Pressing <F3> cycles through 4
listings of all ARCHIVE commands in the top
center box. A quick way to recall a command.
The commands are not activated unless you type
them out in full in the lower part of the screen
and press <ENTER>. The command does not
have to be currently listed in the box to be issued.
Press <F3> 4 times and read all the commands.
Notice that they all are familiar words and their
actual function within ARCHIVE is closely
connected with their standard English meanings.
Many commands take arguments (more
information). Often the arguments need to be in
quotes ("")• If you type the command and then
<ENTER>, ARCHIVE will put in the quotes for
you and tell you what additional information is
needed and you can type it in and press
<ENTER>. It doesn't matter if you type
commands in lower or upper case. ARCHIVE
allows you to type ahead. You can issue a new
command before the first one has finished.
Pressing <F5> will recall your last command line
You can press <ENTER> to reissue it or use the
arrow keys to edit it This feature saves lots of
typing. ARCHIVE has a complete enough set of
commands that it can be considered a self
contained operating system of its own. In many
ways it is a much friendlier environment than
SUPERBASIC and QDOS because you have help
at the top of the screen and a help file available
by pressing <F1> and a friendlier error trapping
system. It is essentially an operating system
designed to handle databases (file cards). It turns
out that many of our computer applications fit
easily into this database structure so ARCHIVE is
a natural environment to work in.
FIRST ARCHIVE COMMANDS
<ESC> Command
This is not really a command but it is a way to
interrupt ARCHIVE or abort a command to get
the ARCHIVE prompt again. Use it whenever
you get confused by what is happening or want
to cancel a command. Sometimes it works better
by hitting several <ESO quickly. It is equivalent
to <CTRL-SPACE BAR> in SUPERBASIC Some
commands don't interrupt in the middle and you
have to wait until they are completed.
QUIT COMMAND
It is very important to QUIT when done with
ARCHIVE. QUIT closes all open files and returns
you to SUPERBASIC ARCHIVE supports access
to many databases simultaneously and you
should always close them when done. By using
QUIT at the very end you make sure all files arc
closed. Turning off your QL with OPEN data
files is a no-no with ARCHIVE as mentioned in
earlier columns. Even if you get totally confused
while working with ARCHIVE and no cursor can
be seen. Press <ESC> many time and type
QUIT<ENTER>. Wait a reasonable time for the
<ESC> to have effect and the QUIT to be
executed. After you QUIT you will see a blank
screen with the cursor at the bottom. You axe
back in SUPERBASIC Since windows have been
closed it is best to reset you QL before
continuing. If you are multitasking then always
make sure you QUIT any ARCHIVE jobs before
turning off your computer.
LOOK and OPEN COMMANDS
ARCHIVE deals with data and the data is stored
in special files on microdrives called databases.
These are like stacks of file cards. To access
previously stored data we must use the LOOK or
OPEN commands. The LOOK command provides
a safe way to access a database. If you only want
to inspect data but not alter or add to it then use
LOOK. If you want to make changes to your
24
database then you have to access it with the
OPEN command Both commands need to be
followed by information which identifies the
device & file to be accessed Later when we work
with multiple files we will also need to assign a
logical name when we OPEN or LOOK so we can
keep track of which database is which. For now
we will just work with just one database and
ARCHIVE assigns a logical name of "main". One
technique that minimizes database vulnerability
is to always use LOOK and then switch to OPEN
temporarily when changes are made. For now we
will only use LOOK and explore OPEN next
issue.
CLOSE COMMAND
After you are through working with a database
you should always CLOSE it even if you stay in
ARCHIVE to do other work. This insures that
everything is properly tidied up. If you have
accessed the database with the OPEN command it
is extremely important to type CLOSE<ENTER>
when done. If you fail to to that and also fail to
QUIT ARCHIVE your database could be
corrupted and you will not be able to access the
data again.
DISPLAY COMMAND
This is an easy way to see one record of data in a
database after you have used LOOK or OPEN to
access it Once a database has been accessed you
are always positioned in it at a specific record
(card). DISPLAY lists the fields and values of the
current record It is like displaying one card of
your stack of file cards.
NEXT, BACK, FIRST, LAST COMMANDS
These are simple commands to move around the
records of a database. They allow you to change
your current record position in your database.
Since your database is like a stack of file cards
you can think of these commands as moving to a
different card They do exactly as they say. If
you have used the display command you will see
your current record If you type
NEXT<ENTER> you will move to the next
record and see it (which becomes your current
record). If you are at the last record and type
NEXT<ENTER> nothing will happen because
there is no next record. Remember when you use
these commands you have to type the whole
command and then enter. But after you have
typed it once you can type <F5xENTER> to
repeat the command. It doesn't matter if you are
displaying records or not These commands still
move your current record position whether
visible or not.
USING THE COMMANDS
Below 1 will list exact key presses with comments
in (). We will LOOK at the OAZET.DBF
provided on your database cartridge. It consists of
the information about the countries of the world.
Each record consists of the values for a particular
country for the fields of the database. You have
loaded ARCHIVE as described above.
look "mdv l_gazet_dbf <ENTER>
disp!ay<ENTER>
last<ENTER>
first<ENTER>
next<ENTER>
<F5><ENTER>
<F5><ENTER>
(do many times)
last<ENTER>
back<ENTER>
<F5xENTER>
<F5xENTER>
(do many times)
close<ENTER>
quit<ENTER>
The above exercise is indeed very simple without
more commands we wouldn't find much use for
ARCHIVE. Try experimenting with other
commands on your own. Next issue we will cover
more commands in detail.
ARCHIVE BASED SOFTWARE
FOR THE QL
Wood and Wind Computing
RR3 Box 92
Cornish. NH 03745
2 5
text87 and QuiU
JR**T-± III
Peter Hale, P.O. Box 8763, Boston, HA 02114
When text* 1 arrives at your mailbox, it is not
quite ready to meet your specific needs. It must
be reconfigured to your standards.
R.E CONT i gur e First off, execute the recon
file in order to reconfigure your working copy,
important defaults are then written into your
working text 1 ': millimeters vs. inches, various
default drive names, Baud settings, etc.
You can change many text* 1 defaults from the
Parameter command later, but you must set your
page length correctly to 66 lines per page, since
text 81 's default is 70 for A4 paper. This is
the time to select default drives, the printer
port, (par, serl or ser2) and the Baud rate.
if you forget, all is not lost. Many defaults
u: be "eset within the program and will auto-
load if you save them in the conf igure_C87 file.
When first executing text 11 , the program attempts
to load three associated files that provide what
you want in the way of features. These are the
driver_P87, f ounts_A87 . and conf igure_C87 files.
Part ii discussed driver and founts files, but
first a quick review.
The driver JUJ7 file holds all information about
your printer. (Quill reads the printer__dat file
each time a document is printed; the printer
driver for text* 1 is loaded into memory.) it
also keeps information about Attached screen font
representations (printypes) - for example, you
may have let Roman"! 6 screen font represent a
double-high printer font or you may prefer green
ink to white to represent normal fonts.
Also saved in the dr iver_P87 file is your cncice
of hotkeys to select favorite printer fonts with
Shift-F3 and Shift-F4.
You must create the founts_A87 file, easily done,
to automatically load your desired screen fonts.
;f it's not there, eacn screen font (other than
Default 11) must be individually loacec by name.
Finally, there is the conf i gur e_C87 file which
stores everything else.
A CONFIGURE FILE holds a
range of working standards that you want each
time you write a document. If you call it
configure, it will load automatically each time
you execute text 11 , but it can have any name you
like, indeed, I have a suite of files all called
update that i load to write this column, so that
text is ready for publication in UPDATE magazine.
A CONFIGURE FILE holds the
details set by Layout, Node, a chunk of the
Context options, and all the details of Ruler 0.
LAYOUT Start with the simple stuff: press F3
and Layout. Modify the page layout to your
liking. The large block on the screen represents
the page of paper. There are four choices: Text
area, Footer, Header, and number of Columns. The
maximum text area is 8" wiae and ;" (25mm) less
than the page length.
Set text area with cursor controls ana the space
bar. it is independent of tne number of columns
of text to a page. But if you want a footer or
header, the text area must be shortened to make
room for them. A footer or header requires at
least 2/10 ' s of an inch or a line won't fit.
MODE Next, change the Mode (F3 H). You can
have the body of the text Frozen or automatically
He-formatted, and choose whether or not the
margin indent is automatically activated or
manually set to the first tab on the Ruler.
CONTEXT Then, begin work on features reached
from the Context command (F3 C).
The first choice is iindow, which lets you change
the size and position of the working window
(perhaps to make room for a concurrent clock or a
CAPS indicator) or simply to meet your monitor's
requirements.
The next choice in C is Video. You can have the
screen Compressed or not, i.e. whether or not
the screen presentation shows the scale cf line
feed you have set in a Ruler.
You can also choose whether or not the screen
display is normal (colored ink on a b*ack screen";
or inverse (a white background to all text with
white ink shown in black).
Finally, you can set the Sea 1 e at which pixels
correspond to widths on the page. The default is
60 pixels per inch, but can be set from 50 to
180. At 180 it spreads out the words and lines
so that a vision impaired person could Attach a
huge screen font to normal printer text output
and have no problem seeing the screen. At 50, it
lets you see most of a condensed printype line on
the screen.
At this point the next choice in C is Save.
Pressing S prompts for a file named configure.
If you accept tne default, that file will be
auto-loaded when you next use text 17 , but you car,
give it any name and thus have a range of
settings available for use as required. Whatever
name you give it will have the extension _C87.
After Saving the changes to date, (in case of a
power failure, the only way that text 11 can
crash), adjust the Parameters. You can choose
I0X character as the Decimal tab (remember that
the comma is used on the continent.) You can re-
select Length unit, some default devices for file
and document storage, and printer port and baud
rate. (But you cannot change the range of alter-
nate drives as well as in the recon session.)
Finally, you can re-select the amount of memory
text*' grabs for itself the next time it is run.
Save the configure file again,
The next Context option is Load, it prompts for
the configure file to be loaded. Enter the name
used to save the configuration, in this instance
apfiguTf, to reload the default settings.
The other three Context choices, Attach, Driver
and Founts relate to driver and founts files.
RULER The last stage to complete a configure
file is to check out Ruler (F3 R). Probably there
will be only Ruler 0, which will have a thin
vertical cursor next to the word Ruler. This
Ruler (Ruler 0) is saved in tne configure file.
Press either T for Tabs or M for Margins to reset
both. The Horizontal Coordinate changes as you
move the cursor left or right giving its absolute
position in tenths of an incn (or millimeters).
Press M for Margin to set a left or right Margin.
The left Margin cannot be set to the right of the
indent (open right triangle) nor the right Margin
to the left of a tat. if the indent is at the
same position as tne left Margin, the left Margin
sign disappears. The indent can be placed to the
right of the left Margin to create hanging para-
graphs, that is. paragraphs with the first line
to the left of the other lines in a paragraph.
For paragraphs with indented first lines, place a
left tab where indent commences, and set the Hode
to auto- Indent. (Are you confused yet? Indent
doesn't mean indent unless you mean indent.)
Unlike Quill, which lets you put a tab in every
column if you choose, text 17 limits you to twenty
tabs between the Indent and the right Margin.
You also cannot have tabs closer than 4/10's of
an inch, (text 11 locates characters in absolute
units and some screen fonts are more than two-
tenths of an inch wide. The closest you might
want tabs to ce is two characters, anyway.)
Also unliKe Quill, you can adjust line feed.
Normal line feed is 1/6" (or an equivalent
fraction). in text 11 you can micro-adjust line
feed. This is handy for squeezing a line or two
on a page to avoid the need for a second page.
Now go bac* to Context and save this ruler to
your configure file so that it will always be
there each time text 11 is run.
t li ^rad
So? is evertning clear? Probably not, but this
is the end of this series. For questions (or to
submit tips) on using text* 7 or any of the Psion
software, write the author. If sufficient volume
is received, we'll have 3 regular column.
if you require an immediate response please phone
(617) 889-083Q or write and enclose an S.A.S.E.
text 17 is £60 from Softwares?, 33 Savernake Rd.,
London, NWS 2^ united Kingdom. It includes
Qtyp, an integrated spell checker with English,
French and German dictionaries - a £30 value
alone. it is availacle in the USA for $119.95
from EMSo f t, P.O. Box 8763, Boston, MA 02114-8763
(617) 889 -GS30 .
11
A Mall File In Archive
Bob Hartung, 2416 N. County Line Rd., Huntertown, IN 46748
While ay DATAJFILE and the associated
INFOwriter, MERGEwriter, and QL_LLIST
programs satisfy my own devious purposes
quite well, the fixed-size data fields
are not as memory-efficient as those
which are marked off by de-limiter codes
and vary in size according to the actual
number of characters entered. I used a
fixed-size string matrix because it al-
lows much more simple access to files as
well as faster search and re-order in
SuperBasic.
I experimented with variable-length
fields in a massive string but found the
QL limits the length of each string to
no more than 32765 bytes. A sequential
INSTR search or a sort of several such
string-array elements is unacceptably
slow.
Since the only other alternative is
to directly access data to and from a
reserved block of memory in RAM, which
is best done in machine code, rather
than trying to "re-invent the wheel" it
seemed to me to make more sense to make
use of Archive programming. Because of
the large memory overhead to store the
program itself, in an unexpanded QL the
creation of a simple mailing list in
Archive actually allows about 50 fewer
file items than in my DATA_FILE. With
added RAM, however, Archive is more ef-
ficient and faster.
(By the way, if you want to add the 8
or 16 ICs needed to fully populate your
Trump Card board, the 41256AP-10 chips,
available from suppliers like Sabina in
CA for about $1.50 each, plus $10 S & H,
are easily installed. Bend the pin-rows
in slightly by pressing them evenly
against a flat, clean surface before in-
sertion into the sockets next to those
already filled. )
No doubt this will all be old stuff
to veteran QL users, but perhaps a once-
over-lightly on the steps and procedures
in setting up a mail file in Archive
might be helpful. Please note that < >
brackets mean ENTER is to be pressed af-
ter keying in the characters that are
contained within the brackets. Also,
remember that it is good practice to get
into the habit of always using <close>
on any open file if you will be giving
your attention to something else for
awhile. Using <new> will perform a
close and CLS as well as clearing any
file from memory.
Enter <create> then <mail> to open a
new file for the definition of its field
labels. Since we will be using only
text or string entries, all the labels
will have a $ suffix. Numeric entries or
expressions do not use $ in the label.
After entering <create> <mail> make
these label entries:
<TLFIRST$>
<LASTNM$>
<ADDRESS$>
<P0$>
<STATE$>
<ZIP$>
<PH0NE$> (optional)
The use of separate fields for first
and last names as well as for state and
ZIP will allow re-ordering by last name
or ZIP. Key ENTER by itself to invoke
the endcreate command after the final
field-name entry. This will also save
these definitions to a formatted disk or
mdv in drive 2. The file will remain
open for entry of file data but <close>
for now as we move on to writing the
procedures for sorting, searching, and
printing of files.
Enter <edit>, which produces a split
screen with proc displayed, ready for
entry of the first procedure name, which
is <doprint>. This procedure prints a
title (if any) and first name on the
same line as last name, the address and
P.O. on separate lines, then state and
ZIP on the bottom line. The PH0NE$ is
not printed but displayed only during a
search. The lprint "" line may be
repeated as many times as necessary to
adjust line-spacing for printing labels
or a null-string input line may be
used here to pause for insertion of the
next envelope.
26
Procedures f print and f search call
doprint. It may also be called while in
display mode to do a "snap-shot" print-
out of the item currently on-screen.
The forder procedure sorts a currently
open file, which will be saved as re-
ordered when closed, unless look mode is
being used. The fprint procedure must
then be called with a separate command
unless you prefer to insert <forder> as
the first line in the fprint procedure.
The file will be closed automatically at
the conclusion of both fsearch and
fprint unless N or n is keyed at the
prompt* The lower (getkey( ) ) converts
either key-stroke to the lower-case
character. Command-words and functions
must be avoided in naming procedures, so
I usually add an "f" prefix to any
procedure name that accesses a file and
"do" as a prefix if an action is per-
formed on data. This allows more concise
and meaningful names without conflict
with Archive commands.
Enter the lines as listed for each
procedure. If you see an error after a
line has been entered, use the up/down
cursor keys to highlight the line, then
key F5 to edit it and re-enter. If in-
sert mode is enabled, key ESC then F3
then N to commence the next procedure
listing, or just F3 and N if in edit
mode, F3 then C then ENTER will delete
the line that is highlighted. Key SHIFT
TABULATE together to backstep to a pre-
vious listing or key TABULATE to step
downward. Listing indentations are sup-
plied by Archive.
To save all procedures currently in
memory key ESC (twice if in insert mode)
then enter <save "dolprint"> or your own
name of 8 or less characters. When Arch-
ive is booted up, procedures must be
loaded in before they may be called. Use
<merge "name"> instead of load to add
procedures to any already in memory. Use
<llist> to print out listing of all pro-
cedures currently in memory.
After saving the set of procedures
that you have keyed in, key <open> then
<mail> then <insert> to add data to the
mail file. Key F5 to insert the data.
Key ESC to exit ALTER/INSERT mode, and
be sure to enter <close> before leaving
Archive .
DOLPRINT LISTING
proc doline;x$
lprint x$
endproc
proc doprint
lprint TLFIRST$+" "+LASTNM$
lprint ADDRESS$
lprint P0$
lprint STATE$+" "+ZIP$
lprint ""
endproc
proc fclose
print "CLOSE will occur to protect
file unless N or n is keyed"
let yn$=lower(getkey( ) )
if yn$o"n": close : endif
endproc
proc forder
print "Re-order by LASTNM$ or ZIP$ (L
or Z)?"
let ro$=lower(getkey( ))
if ro$="l": order LASTNM$ ; a: endif
if ro$="z": order ZIP$;a: endif
endproc
proc fprint
all
doprint
endall
fclose
endproc
proc fsearch
els
input "Enter search-string: ";srch$
find srch$
while found()
doprint
continue
endwhile
fclose
endproc
SHARPS
BOX 326
MECH.. VA. 231 1 1
TELE (804) 730-9697
FAX (804) 746-1978
2 9
Switching Printer Characters Bob Hartung
About the time Epson began bringing
out third and fourth generations of its
24-pin printers I finally scratched
together enough shekels to go for their
LQ-510. My decision to go with Epson vs
Star, Panasonic, Citizen, Okidata, Alps
et al was largely because of a marked
cut in price and the inclusion of a
7-font module to sweeten up the deal by
a discount supplier. I also was look-
ing at true compatibility with SW that
is set up for Epson code, and ribbon
cartridges that cost less than half as
much as those used by other printers.
The screen dump in QL Easel and the
pre-set FX-80 codes in INSTALL_BAS work
as is, although of course these and the
TRANSLATE sequences may be modified to
almost any printer command. One
translation I made was to provide a
cross-slash zero character, which is not
in the normal U.S. font mode. To do this
I used character 92 in the Denmark
table by installing the sequence
"0,ESC,"R,4,92,ESC,"R,0 as per the ex-
ample given in the QLUG INFO section on
page 6. A copy of this version of
INST ALL... BAS printer data may be stored
on another disk to have the option of
doing printouts from the PSION SW with
either the plain zero character (0) or
with the cross-slash (0) as in this mss.
just by switching disks before calling
for a printout. If you have RAMdisk
capabilities, by storing two or more
customized printer_dat and install_dat
copies on your QUILL disk, each with a
distinguishing title as in listing 1 to
boot QUILL, the selected one may be ac-
cessed from RAMdisk instead of from disk
(or mdv). ( C0NFIG_.BAS is used to set
the system device to RAMn.)
However, for my own SW programs such
as QLJLLIST on my UPDATE Issue Disk, I
had to work out a way of scanning list-
ing and text files for each zero, then
translating it to the Danish character,
and returning to the U.S. font table.
Almost all alphanumeric characters will
print correctly if the printer is left
in the Denmark (or Norway) font table,
except that the reverse-slash \ recog-
nized by the QL as LF code would then
print out as 0 everytime it occurred.
Listing 2 was used to do this print-
out of itself. It may also be used for
printing any ASCII text file formed by I
my INFOwriter program or by any other
3 0
text editor that does not insert format-
ting codes such as those used by the
Psion SW. The routines used to set left
margins, column width, and number of
lines in each print-sequence will work
with any printer. Change the character-
switch code in zr$ (line 130) to that
required by your printer.
Listing 3 is for reading Tasword 2068
files and translating marked characters
to extended-font characters when printed
out (which the Tasword printer-driver
will not read). As listed, it shows
comiimands and DATA characters/codes for
my C. It oh 8510, but may be adapted to
any printer. The £ sign and @ are used
to mark off any character(s) to be
translated. EG: £ab@ would print as
alpha and beta.
Either the Oliger printer-driver may
be used or a SW driver such as the one
in Tom Woods' ProFile may be stored in a
first-line REM statement. Insert REM
in either line 10 or line 20 to dis-
able the one not being used. Page nos.
and headers may be printed after each
selected number of lines or whenever 0
is keyed.
BOOT ROUTINE FOR QUILL
10 CLEAR: FLP_USE mdv
20 INPUT "Cross-slash zero 0 y/n? u ;yn$\
"Key ENTER to skip printer set ";a$: IF
a$="" THEN GO TO 100
30 INPUT 'PICA=P ELITE=M C0ND=g DRAFT =0
or LQ=1? ' ;F$
40 INPUT 'LF: 1/8"=0 or 1/6"=2?';L$
50 INPUT ' LM cols n? ' ;C: C$='l' & CHR$(
C)
60 INPUT ' B0LD=E or cancel B0LD=F? ';B$\
'PROP 1=0N 0=OFF? ';prp: prop$=V & CH
R$(prp)
70 OPEN #7,ser1
80 PRINT #7,CHR$(27);F$;CHR$(27);L$;CHR$
(27);C$;CHR$(27);B$;CHR$(27);prop$
90 CLOSE #7
100 IF yn$=="y" THEN COPY mdv1_printerZ_
dat TO ram1__printer_dat: COPY mdv1_insta
HZ_dat TO ram1_install_dat: ELSE COPY m
dv1_printer_dat TO ram1_printer_dat : COP
Y mdv1_install_dat TO ram1_install_dat
110 WINDOW 512,256,0,0:CSIZE 2,1:CLS
120 AT 2, 11 '.PRINT "LOADING QL-WP"
130 AT 4, 13: PRINT "version ";2.1
140 AT 6,6:PRINT "copyright 1984 PSIO
N LTD"
150 AT 8,12:PRINT "word processor"
160 CLOSE #1: CLOSE #2: WINDOW #0,400,20,3
5,215
170 EXEC_W MDV1_QLWP
180 OPEN #1,scr:OPEN #2,scr
LPRINT0_O
10 PRINT 'Enter YOUR printer codes in li
ne 20'V or omit 10-20 if not needed':
PAUSE 100
20 CLS: INPUT 'CPI: P=10 M=12 panelset C
onds/Draft ' ;cpi$: OPEN #7,ser1: PRINT #
7,CHR$(27);cpi$: CLOSE #7
25 INPUT 'Use cross-slash 0 y/n? 1 ;cz$
30 CLS: CLS #0: INPUT #0;'Q to quit'W'P
rint listing or text in drive #';drv$: ni
d$='mdv' & drv$ & '_': IF drv$='q' OR dr
v$='Q' THEN STOP: END IF : PRINT 'Change
line 30'Vfrom mdv to flp for disc'
40 PRINT 'Key F5 TO SCROLL TK2 DIRECTORY
1 : PAUSE 100: DIR md$
50 INPUT #0; 'File Name? ';y$: md$=md$ &
y$
60 CLS #0: curln=0: remln=0: REMark curr
ent line; remaining line
70 OPEN.IN #8,md$
80 OPEN #7,ser1
90 CLS: INPUT 'Enter zero to cancel ';(y
$)\\'No. lines this page-column: ';lines
: IF lines=0 THEN CLOSE #7: CLOSE #8: GO
TO 30: END IF
100 INPUT "Columns per line: ";col
110 INPUT 'Left-margin setting: ';lm: Ira
=lm-1: lm$=": lm$=lm$ & FILL$(' * ,1m)
120 INPUT 'Key ENTER to skip title-print
any chr to print ';t$: IF t$ <>''
THEN tl$=": tl$=tl$ & FILL$( ' ' ,INT(col
/2+lm)-INT(LEN(y$)/2)): PRINT #7,tl$;y$\
: PRINT #7\: END IF
130 LET zr$=CHR$(27) & *R' & CHR$(4) & C
HR$(92) & CHR$(27) & 'R' & CHR$(0)
140 cnt=0: IF t$<>' 'THEN cnt=2: END IF :
REMark count print-lines
150 IF remln<>0 THEN cnt=cnt+curln-remln
: GO TO 300
160 nf=1000
170 IF EOF(#8) THEN CLOSE #7: CLOSE #8:
GO TO 30: END IF
180 IF cnt>=lines THEN GO TO 90: END IF
190 INPUT #8,p$: IF LEN(p$)=0 THEN p$='
200 lp=LEN(p$)
210 IF p$(lp)=' ' THEN lp=lp-1: END IF
220 IF cz$=='y' AND lp<=col THEN cnt=cnt
+1: PRINT #7,lm$;: FOR x=1 TO LEN(p$): I
F p$(x)='0' THEN PRINT #7,zr$;: NEXT x:
PRINT #7: ELSE PRINT #7,p$(x);: END FOR
x: PRINT #7: END IF : END IF
225 IF cz$==*n' AND lp<=col THEN cnt=cnt
3 \
+1: PRINT #7,lm$;p$(1 TO lp)
230 IF lp<=col THEN GO TO 170
240 curln=INT(lp/col)
250 DIM lin$(curln,col)
260 FOR n=0 TO curln
270 LET clp=col*n+1: IF clp>lp THEN LET
clp=lp
280 lin$(n,1 TO col)=p$(clp TO lp)
290 END FOR n
300 FOR k=reraln TO curln
310 IF cz$=='y' THEN PRINT #7,lm$;: FOR
x=1 TO col: IF lin$(k,x)='0' THEN PRINT
#7,zr$;: NEXT x: PRINT #7: ELSE PRINT #7
,lin$(k,x);: END FOR x: PRINT #7: END IF
: END IF
315 IF cz$=='n' THEN PRINT #7 ,lm$ ; lin$(k
, 1 TO col)
320 cnt=cnt+1: IF cnt>=lines THEN remln=
k+1: IF remln>curln THEN remln=0: END IF
: GO TO 90: END IF
330 END FOR k
340 remln=0
350 GO TO 170
360 DEFine PROCedure sv: SAVE mdv1_LPRIN
T01O: END DEFine
TEXT PRINTER
1 REM Pad this line out
to 117 characters & put P/F driv
er here with LOAD 'pr tcode'CODE
PEEK 23635+ PEEK 23636*256+5
5 REM Printer commands for C.
Itoh 8518
18 REM POKE 26783, PEEK 23635+5
: POKE 26784, PEEK 23636: REM Use
only with line 1 REM driver
28 LET /p=o; POKE 23388,68: PO
KE 23381,3: POKE 23323,65: REM U
se only with Oliger driver
25 ON ERR RESET
38 CLEAR 3327?
35 INPUT "Key any CHR* to repe
at pr i ntout" ' "or key ENTER for n
ew file, '"■then key BREAK to ent
er title";a*: IF a$<>" THEN 60
TO 68
48 ON ERR 60 TO 45: CAT
45 ON ERR RESET : INPUT 'TASUO
RD file title to load:" 7 **
58 LOAD /f*C0DE 33288
68 ON ERR 60 TO 188: CLS : LET
c*="8888*: LET I=PI/PI : INPUT "
Left Margin=nnn? " ;e*' ' "Pi ca-N E
lite-E Prop-P? " ;f*' ' "Page heade
r— N/L none" ^"'Dbl .sp? y/NL "
;c*<I>"" LINE FOR auto-page OR
8? H ;c*(I+I TO ): LET j8=VAL c*<
I+I TO )
78 LPRINT CHR* 27j-f*;CHR$ 27 j"
6c' }CHR* 27j"!-|CHR$ 27j-L";e*j
88 LET b=I : LET c=j8: LET d*="
< 14 INT <N-33288)/64)"
98 FOR N=33288 TO 52480 STEP 6
4
100 INPUT "'! PRINT ttNOT PI jAT
I+I.NOT PI LINE "|VAL d*j" 0
FOR P6 OR LINE ■ ;VAL c*<I+I TO )
+c*(j0=NOT PI)," BREAK LPRINT TO
STOP "
110 FOR J=N TO N+UAL "<S3"
120 IF PEEK J=CODE THEN 60
SUB 190: 60 TO 148
130 PRINT CHR* PEEK J;: LPRINT
CHR* PEEK J;
140 NEXT J
150 LPRINT
168 IF INKEY*="e" OR UAL d*=UAL
c*<I+I TO ) THEN 60 TO 290
178 NEXT N
188 PRINT FLASH I" STOP LPRINT
"s PAUSE 100: LPRINT : 60 TO 25
190 FOR *=J+1 TO J* 63
200 IF PEEK f=CODE "3" THEN LET
J=-f : RETURN
23 8 RESTORE 326
228 FOR 9=1 TO 38
236 READ e*: READ -f*
248 IF PEEK -f=CODE e* THEN PRIN
T e*p LPRINT CHR* VAL
258 NEXT g
268 IF PEEK f=CODE «c" THEN LPR
INT "c"j
278 NEXT i
288 LET J=«f: RETURN
298 LET c*<I+I TO )=STR* <j8+MA
Ld$); LET b=b+I: INPUT "Insert
PA6E ";<b)jb*: LPRINT CHR* 27j"X
Page «|bj" ";a*jCHR$ 27j"Y":
LPRINT : IF c*<I)="8' THEN LPRIN
T
388 IF c=8 THEN LET c=MAL d*
318 60 TO 178
328 DATA "a" , " 168" , "b" , " 161 " , "z
","162',"d" ,"163","e","164","-f",
"165","9","166","h*,"167*,"i","l
68","j","169","k","170","1","171
","m" l "172" } "n","173","o',"174",
"p","175","q" ,"176","r","177" ,"s
" } "178","t","179","u","180","v' }
"181","w","182","x" f "183"
338 DATA "6", "185", "D", "184" ,"L
" ,"187" ,"S" ,"186" ,"X","240" ,"2",
"188-
9999 SAME /"tasprt" LINE 18
Software for the QL that really works
Now has in-stock the very best true WYSIWYG
QL word-processor: text 11 ver 3.01 with Qtyp
spell check and several new features, (and
unlimited North America help line). $119.95
fountext 11 graphic drivers $49.95
founted** font editor $29.95
24" 24 pin drivers $29.95
COMING SOON
typeset f| -deskjet HP-desk jet driver
Due to adverse exchange rates we had to raise
prices. There are a few titles in stock at
the old price. Call for availability.
Order two or more Software*' titles and take
10* off the second title, 15* off the third
and fourth. (Not applicable to text* 1 .)
TAX-l-QL/90 _aba $24.95
INVENTORY _dbf $19.95
TRUST_FUND Jbf $24.95
QLAND_LORD Jbf $24.95
MAILBAG Jbf $24.95
(Order now. Get free update to ver 3.1 in
02/91) (EMSottJbf upgrades) $4.95
From Wood and Wind
DBTutor Jbf $24.95
DBProgs Jbf $19.95
Chaos Busters Jbf /SB $29.95
From MEDAC
Ask for statistical and engineering software
New Titles:
Files2 files utility upgrade for Taskmaster.
Now also Exec's instead of TKII $26.95
HS-QLink read/write/transfer MS-DOS and QDOS
or MS-DOS disk formatting any drive @$34 . 95
Tab>Editor A friendly editor with word wrap
in up to eight colums with hard TAB §$34.95
QLuMSi DOS file handling simulator $19.95
On 5.2573.5". Microcartridge add $3.00/cart.
FREE CATALOGUE
JE7JMT.SO f t:
P.O. Box 8763
Boston MA 02114
(617) 889-0830
MEGHAN I O A L. AFFINITY O A TH A J_, O G
The following are now available from Mechanical Affinity for
your Sinclair home or business computer. All items listed are
available in quantity. Orders may be placed by check or money
order to either Paul Holmgren , 5231 Wilton Wood Ct . , Indianapolis
In, 46254 317-291-6002 , ....or to Frank Davis, 513 East
Main St., Peru, In 46970 317-473-8031. Do not make the check
out to Mechanical Affinity. All Prices include Postage already!
BOOKS
SYNCWARE NEWS Vol. 1 $8 All volume 1 issues bound in one book
TOURING THE TS2068 ROM OPERATING SYSTEM by WIDJUP $15
QL TECHNICAL GUIDE $15
SERVICES and PARTS
QL Internal ROM board- this allows you to put your favorite
ROM version ( JM , JS , JSU , MGUS , MGUK , etc.) on an eprom .
This will lower power consumption by the QL by about 20%
& drop the internal heat by close to 50 degrees fahrenheit.
There is also room on the eprom for us to include one of
the following programs if you are an owner of one of them:
ICE, QFLASH, TKII, SPEED SCREEN, TK I I I . Brd & eprom $40 --
Board alone $15 -- Custom eprom alone $25. Let us know
which ROM version you want us to supply, or you can supply.
Speedscreen supplied on your ROM or for ROMport $25. For ROMport
you need to have CARE eprom brd or similar plug in brd .
Internal battery backed clock for QL, uses lithium battery, so
should be good for far longer than ordinary batteries. This
plugs in where the 8032 goes, and the 8032 is then
installed in it. $20 for brd & battery, or $26 installed.
Replacement or backup power supply for the QL, no serious user
should be without one (personal opinion). $15
QL case, contains keys and bare motherboard, no microdrives. Can
be used to replace bad case, key tops, or bad motherboard,
or even as a start on building your own spare QL. $20
Keytops for QL $7.50 Use to replace broken or missing keys, or
the whole set, if need be. These are originals.
Micro Drive Cartridges $5 each, till supply improves for ones
with the tab. $4.00 without the tab, each.
MDV labels, 3 sheets for $1.25. For the QL.
QL membranes, from Paul for $15.
TS2068 dock eprom boards, bare $10.00. These can be used for a
TS2068 program on an eprom or can be configured to use for
Non-Volatile memory boards ( 32K to 128K), or as RAM Disk.
Tom Bent's improved 8K TS1000 ROM on eprom. $10.00 Requires at
least 16K RAM expansion to operate, but bug corrected. $12 if we
supply the special socket.
Disk Drives, both 3 1/2 and 5 1/4 Order these from Paul at $55
CP for 3 1/2 or 5 1/4, or $165 for dual 3 1/2's w/ case & power.
Spectrum B ROMs, on eprom, bug corrected w/ additional characters
directly available for $10
We can supply for those who are owners of the tape programs the
following programs on eprom: ZXLR8 for the TS1000, PROFILE for
TS2068, MSCRIPT, H0T-Z AR0S for TS2068 , MTERM II for the TS2068
and DELPHI UTILITIES for the TS1000. $10 for the eprom.
ZEBRA GRAPHICS
FOR YOUR 2068!
Animals Collection
for the TS2068 Graphics Designer Series
Nature Collection
for the TS2068 Graphics Designer Series
gorilla
skunk
lion
tiger
cat
dogl
polrbear
raccoon
walrus
seal
whale
elephant
pig
rhino
camel
goat
cow
giraffe
deer
horse
dog 2
frog
turtle
snake
duck
parrot
vulture
owl
beaver
mouse
mm
palmtree
tree 1
tree 2
cactus
apple
banana
grapes
strawbry
mushroom
birdnest
acorn
shell
leaf 1
leaf 2
leaf 3
tree 3
summit
palisade
sunrise
sunset
wntrmoon
lake
volcano
beach
seashell
crystal
skull
thunder
rose
rose 2
RUG ENTERPRISES
mi? t/2 7TH STREET
OREGON CITY, OREGON 970H5
5Q3/655-7H8H • NOON-10 TUE-SAT
Here thev are! FINALLY! Now you oan add to your loon oolleotlon for use witn all
" t° . " ~ - ~- «=■ — t^>--- « a w^ti pixel Print Plus and Word—
t>y storm! We nave 12
mer oolleotlons are:
of me Grapnlos Designer Series Irom Zebra as well as Pixel P
Master, the new wordprooessor mat Is talcing me T/S world t>
oolleotlona available. A oouple of tneae are listed above. THe 01
JEWISH HOLIDAYS-CHRISTMAS-HOLIDAY 1-HOLIDAY 2-RELIGION
TRAVEL—AMERICA— PARTY— OFFICE— SPORTS
ANY FOUR (4) OF THE ABOVE WILL COST YOU ONLY $17.50 PLUS $3.50 PH!
Just tell ua wnlon
get it rlgnt out to
4, you would lllce and we will make up your oustom tape and
you. SPECIAL! ALL 12 COLLECTIONS ONLY - $39.95 PLUS $4.58 PH.
MERGING ARCHIVE and ABACUS FILES
Peter R. Hale, P.O. Box 8763, Boston, HA 02114
For most QL users the first Psion program is
Quill. Later they brave ARCHIVE and ABACUS.
A big let-down is discovering that Merge means
something different in each program. ARCHIVE
data files and ABACUS files do not merge.
Merging in ABACUS overwrites data (not text) in a
spread-sheet if the file in memory and the files
being merged are identical (except for differ-
ences in numerical data.) However, formulae are
wiped out and the only advantage is that merging
is quicker than loading another file.
In ARCHIVE only programs can be merged.
So what is the unhappy camper to do? It's rather
easy, although no one bothers to spell it out in
words of two syllables. You export and import.
Refer the Information Section of the User Manual
for specific RULES on import and export between
ABACUS and ARCHIVE, but the rest is fairly easy.
First, when merging two ARCHIVE databases, the
files must have identical structures (i.e. at
least the same kind of data in similar fields.)
In ARCHIVE, type look "fnml" from the command
line (where fnml is the first Jbf to merge.)
Then type export (ESTER) then the name given the
export file in the quotes that appear. Press
(ENTER) again and the file in memory will be
formatted so as to be imported to ABACUS. Close
fnml and repeat the operation on fnm2. (Giving a
different name to each export file.)
Now move to ABACUS. With the cursor in Al, press
F3, F for Files and I for Import. Input an export
file name, then press C to import by Columns.
When the first file is imported, ARCHIVE field
names appear in the first row. Go to column A in
the row below the one specified in the Grid Use
window and import the next file at that cell.
The field names of that ARCHIVE Jbf appear.
Delete this row with the Grid command,
If the two files are compatible, (i.e. all first
names are in the same column, etc.), export the
spread-sheet formatted for import to ARCHIVE.
The only limitation is that the combined total of
the two _dbf files cannot exceed 252 records.
(You can change or add field names to an ARCHIVE
file by editing the text in the first row.)
Now what about merging ABACUS files?
It's not quite so simple, but it is quite useful
and quick, once you get the hang of it.
For example, if you keep automobile expenses on
one spreadsheet and home utility expenses on
another, you may want to integrate data from both
to report total household expenses.
Integrating two spreadsheets in their entirety is
possible, but considerably trickier than can be
covered here. What is simple is to integrate the
important data from the two spreadsheets.
For example, it is probably not important to have
oil, gas, repairs and insurance separately iden-
tified for each month in a combined spread-sheet.
Monthly total automobile expenses are what count.
In a corner of the spread-sheet create a one word
column heading in text (AutoMonExp) , then gather
monthly totals from whereever by the appropriate
cell reference calls directly below this heading
(no blank rows, please!) (You could also have a
Month column with the names of each month.)
Use the File Export command to export the
appropriate grid range to an Abacus compatible
file by Columns (you must include the text
headings in the specified range.)
Load the utiltiy expense spread-sheet and find
some free space to set up identical columns as
for the previously exported file. Now import
that file (by columns) with the cursor in the
cell that has the first column heading. The data
(without formulae) will appear below.
The imported data can be added to existing data
with appropriate formulae as TotalExp.
Yes, it's awkward, but if you can multi-task two
copies of ABACUS and have ram-disking, the
process is very quick, indeed.
And if you think hard about it and read the RULES
on page 1 of the information Section, you may
figure out how to actually export an entire
spread-sheet - text, blank cells and all - so as
to import it (merge) to another spread-sheet.
5 5
SAMPLE
Z88 Fax News
September 1990
Publisher. Curtis Claar
Facsimile Promo Productions
1820 MacTavish Ct. #112 • Rawlins, Wyo. 82301
Fax or voice (307) 324-6600
Page Three
A little tab will do you in PipeDream
For the most part, Z88's
PipeDream is fairly simple to
use. However, the use of
columns and the TAB key
seems to be a regular cause of
confusion, as was brought to
my attention by a reader's re-
cent letter.
The problem arises from
the fact that PipeDream is an
integrated program as Len dis-
cussed in his column this
month. But this is potentially a
very powerful combination.
The spreadsheet application
requires a simple key sequence
to move between columns.
However, the
arrow keys
arc reserved
for cursor
movement
through text
lines and nu-
merical en-
tries. Therefore the logical
choice of the TAB key was
made.
Yes, the TAB key does "tab"
to the next column. Note the
use of the word "column"
here. The letters on the screen
top do not represent traditional
labs. Instead they show actual
column placement.
To clarify, when you type
text starting in any column, it
may extend beyond the end of
the column, overlapping other
columns. However, the text
stili belongs to the column it
started in. When the text wraps
around to the next line (con-
trolled by O H), it continues
in the column it started in.
For example, use the TAB
key to position the cursor into
column C (the column be-
tween the letters "B" and "C").
Type text until the line wraps
around. It will restart in col-
umn C.
Now move the cursor down
a line and
back to col-
umn A by hit-
ting SHIFT-
TAB twice or
O TAB. Type
a few lines
and you'll see
that the text wraps in A.
To gel a better feel for this,
on the last line that starts in
column A, use TAB to move to
column B. You will notice that
the text that started in column
A is now "hidden" under an
empty column B. Now move
the cursor back to column A.
You will see that your full line
starting in A did not disappear.
But if you are just
typing a letter or paper,
(tabs and columns) can
be annoying.
Z88 TECH HELP
James Hunkins
Now move the cursor to the
end of the A column. Keep try-
ing to move the cursor past
that point. The cursor will not
move into column B as the text
in column B is blocking it and
the cursor can not move "un-
der" column B's text. Howev-
er, the text is still there as
shown by its scrolling by in
the now narrow column A.
If on rare occasion you
can't seem to get the text back
to the start in column A and
the cursor is silting in column
A, just move the cursor to a
different line or type O
Things should then be correct.
Now all of this can be use-
ful if you're doing some spe-
cial layout tricks on your page
or combining spreadsheet data
in a letter. Or if you're trying
to set up a data base. But if
you are just typing a letter or
paper, it can be annoying.
If they need to indent one
line only (as in the start of a
paragraph), most people resort
to manually inserting spaces.
This works fine most of the
time and is nearly as fast as us-
ing the traditional TAB.
However, occasionally on
the 288 and commonly on
printers when using micro-
spacing, the extra spaces will
confuse things.If this happens,
use the "ghost space" (a dotted
underscore) achieved by press-
ing O SPACE instead of
SPACE. This character will not
show up on printouts but will
guarantee the space's position.
By the way: You can also
use this "ghost space" to keep
the line from splitting between
two words (ex. "Mr. Smith" or
"Z88 Fax News").
There are a multitude of ex-
amples on how to take advan-
tage of the tab and column fea-
tures of PipeDream. Two
books I use for examples arc
"Using Your Z88" and "Z88
Real Power Computing."
• • •
In upcoming issues I will
review Z88 resources on bul-
letin board systems including
THE CLUB Forum on Com-
puserve and several local
boards. I will also be investi-
gating adding a graphics head-
er on your letters.
Keep the letters coming to
me care of Z88 Fax News.
INTRODUCTORY
MEMORY PRICES
1024K $495 $595 reg.
384K $199 $259 reg.
256K $149 $192 reg.
Dealer pricing available.
The Personal Assistant
Leather portfolio case with long-
lasting batteries (up to 6 mos )
$150
MACro Systems
1207 South State St.
SLC, UT 84111 USA
1 -800-3970855
{801 ) S75-88S5 Fax (801 ) S64-6050
FOREIGN CORRESPONDENTS
NEEDED DESPERATELY
Need not be on a regular basis. Can work with
any schedule. Do your part in keeping the Z88
alive: let the rest of the world know what's hap-
pening with it in your country. We pay your in-
ternational communication charges.
The success of this publication
depends on you.
Contact: Curtis Claar at Z88 Fax News
/4*K<*ftH? new
EPROM
Eraser
• fits in shirt pocket
• weighs less than 2 oz.
• erases in 5 minutes
• $69 (US)
Order from:
Len Rubin
325 Parkview Terr. #18
Oakland, CA 94610
The Sinclair Desktop
Publishing Journal
Rainbdrd's OCP Art audio is the BEST SCREENS graphics editing package available
for the Sinclair Spectrum/Spectrum emulated TS206a
Now that I have made such a bold statement. 1 must back it up with same facta
Those are the rules of the road for writers engaged in software review articles.
Art Studio is a SCREENS graphics editing package for the 48K Sinclair Spectrum
or • Sfeectnim-emulated Timex Sinclair 2068 computer. The software package
allows the user to draw lines, circles, boxes and polygons on screen as well as type
text, add cokr, window cut and paste anywhere on screen, rotate, enlarge, shrink
and stretch objects, and turn individual pixels on or off.
Hardware Support
The Art Studk) software package comes on cassette along with an excellent 58
page manual. The first part of the program which loads into the computer is for
configuration of input and output devices.
Art Studio supports several methods of manipulating its Arrow Printer/Cursor.
The Arrow is used to move around the screen in order to select Menu Bar choices,
or to select points for drawing lines, circles, boxes, etc. Supported are the Kempston
joystick I/T, Sinclair Interface 2 joystick port, the Keyboard Arrow Keys, User
Defined Keyboard Keys or an AMX Mouse (with the latter being the choice of the
author).
(See Art Studio, page 2)
Prologue-
One very useful operation available in Pixel
Print versions greater than vZQ is the ability
to SAVE the information on screen to a
SCREENS file. At first look, this does not seem
important What would you want to save?
Saving text or icons may have an ocasional
use, and saving a SCREEN* graphic which has
already been imported into the column does
not sound particularly useful either_j.tr does it?
What if you had a program which included a
Main Menu which took up the entire screen.
You as the writer/editor wish to show this
Main Menu in your newsletter, etc along with
arrows pointing to various areas within this
Main Menu graphic accompanied by text. How
could this 'Page" be realized?
The trick is to expand your mind beyond the
concept that a SCREENS is a SCREENS and is
only one size. Remember that Pixel Print
columns are really just a series of SCREENSs
one after another. So here is what we need to
dc* (See SCREENS, page 4)
o Review: Rain bird's
OCP Art Studk.
o Utilizing Pixel
Print's SCREENS
Save Utility
o Something From The
SDPJ-s Oops Dept
o Word-Master VZO
o And more__
From The Editor
It was brought to my attention that Jack
Dohany is the North American distr ibutor
of Word-Master. Jack sent me a letter
reminded me not to forget our cousins in
Canada. This should not have been difficult
since I have spent the last three weeks
entering data into my "Country Inns of Ontario'
Jack also wanted me to mention that he customizes Word-Master for disk drives and printer
interfaces, but NOT for printers. Word-Master comes with a "Customf extention program so
the user can customize for his/her own printer.
Wafadrive users, DONT FORGET, the
Aerco parallel printer interface is
Spectrum compatible and may be
plugged into the back of the Wafadrive
to provide additional printer support!
This is extreamly useful when you
transfer Print Factory programs to
Wafadrive. With this configuration,
there is no need to try and "patch"
Wafadrive graphics code(s).
The Sinclair Desktop Publishing Journal
Fall 1990 Page 2
[Art Studio, from page 1)
Several printer interfaces are supported for printer output, and
include: Kempston, Tasman parallel, Tasman serial, Interface 1
(serial) and the AMX Mouse built-in parallel printer I/F.
SCREENS [or graphics) as well as Font SAVEs and LOADs are
all accomplished via cassette. There is both a Sinclair Micro
Drive and Opus Discovery disk interface support version
available for additional cost Since the entire program is written
in machine code, it is nearly impossible to convert the program
to work with North American disk interfaces (but rumor has it
that
Windows: This Option is used to cut, paste and manipulate user
defined areas on the screen. Windows is probably the most
power set of of tools within the package and it includes: Define
Window, use Last Window, Clear Window, Cut and Paste or
Cut, Paste and Clear. You can also Re-Scale, Rotate, Flip, Merge
and place Multiple copies of a window on screen.
Filt Like many other' graphics programs, Fill allows an area on
screen to be "Filled" with a particular pixel pattern. The
difference with Art Studio is that "Fill" patterns can be edited
by the user. There is also a Solid Fill choice
some hackers
currently working on it). -
Software
first
;ed to
When the
LOADs, the use
configure Art
input device (Keyboard,
Joystick, Mouse, etc) and for
the printer interface and
special printer codes which
are to be used. Then the
program LOADs additional
machine code from tape and
asks the user if he/she
wishes to SAVE the "customized H copy of the program (to
cassette).
Art Studio Features:
J-
rint iFilpI flttrs lp«i
nt | Misc. | Undo ■ <*
UindOWS
I Text I Shapes
Define window
Last window
Uhoie screen
Clear window
Cut, Rear A< pasted
invert window
Re -scale window
Clear re-scale
Flip horizontal
Flip vertical
^<a| ■
fJH 1
Rotate 1/4
Rotate 1/2
Rotate 3/4
Merge x
File
Select brush :
□□lulu
Art Studio allows the user t o manipulate text and graphics over
the entire computer screen.
At the top of the screen is a
Menu Bar with 13 menu
Options. All but three of the
menu Options will activate a
pull-down menu of choices.
Quite simply, the whole
program operates very
much like Apple Macintosh
software In that all Options
and Choices are selected
using "Point and dick". This
is where the pointer is
placed over a menu Option,
or menu choice, and the fire
button, keyboard key, or I
mouse button is pressed to pull down a menu or select a choice
The first question to mind is: If the Menu Bar takes up the
upper two screen lines, how can the whole screen be used to
create graphics? The answer is in the up and down arrow Menu
Bar Options. These (the up and down arrow) Options scroll the
screen to allow the use of the entire screen for editing.
The rest of the Menu Bar Options include Windows, Fill, Fife,
Magnify, Text, Shapes, Print, File, Attributes, Paint, Misc. and
Undo. Now let us took at each of the Menu Bar Options and each
of their respective Choices to get a handle on what Art Studio
can da
SCREEN$ file SAVEs,
LOADs, VERIFYs and
MERGEs are accomplished
from within File Option. The
Microdrive and Disk versions
provide catalogue features
which are quite impressive
for Microdrive/Disk SCREENS
file management.
Magnify: This is one of the
most important features of
any graphics programs. It
allows the user to choose an
area on screen to "Zoom-In"
upon. Once "Zoomed",
individual pixels can then be turned on and off (again by Point
and Click). This method was used by the Author to create the
graphics in "You Dont Have to be Artistic to Create These
Great Looking Graphicsf, The Sinclair Desktop Publishing
Journal, Volume L Issue 1 Art Studio provides three levels of
magnification, of x2, x4 and xg.
Text; The Text Option
provides the ability to place
text anywhere on screen;
from Left to Right,
Downwards, at Normal,
Double and Treble Height and
Width. The user may also
print Sideways, in Bold, and
with Caps Lock on or off.
There is also a Font Editor.
The Font Editor Choice is an
entire Sub Option of its own.
It provides the ability to
LOAD, SAVE and Edit the
SBQQ
r=o 0 HO h
working font set Fonts can also be Rotated, Inverted and
Flipped. The user may also copy the Spectrum ROM into the
Art Studio font RAM. One other quite fascinating feature is the
ability to capture a font from a defined window on the screen.
On its own, the Font Editor alone is worth the price of the
program.
Shapes: This is the basic building block Option for drawing.
Points can be placed, Lines drawn (point A to point B),
Continuous Lines (point A to B, to C, etc), Rectangles, Triangles
and Circles can be created on screen.
(Continued on page 3)
The Sinclair Desktop Publishing Journal
Fall 1990 Page 3
[Art
s2]
V43A.>/orz ,2. 0 TTo^aX
Staff
Hot off tfie pi-kss is news tfiat the awaited version two of
Woid-Mastm- is now available from Jack Dohany. The new
version includes the following improvements over the original
There is even a Ray making Choice. Shapes can be drawn
Etasttcatly, and the vertices of shapes can be "Snapped" to each
attributes square.
Print Hardcopies to the printer can be In five different ski** txt
2x2, 3x3, 4x4 and 5x5. The print Option provides Grey-Scale
dumps, Single and Double Density, plus Sideways printing.
Printouts can be Left, Centre or Right Justified. CRLF or CR can
be choosen directly from the Print Pull-Down menu. There ie also
a provision to print to the 2X/Alphacom/TS2040 printer.
Attributes: Here the user selects Ink, Paper, Border. Bright, Flash,
Over, Inverse and Transparent attributes. There is a Standard
Choice to reset all attributes to normal It is again important to
note that all Choices are chosen via Point and Click.
Paint: The Paint Option controls some of the main facilities for
"Painting" on screen. Three different tools are offered- a Pen, a
Spray Can and a Brush Different Pen and Spray Can widths
may be Chosen, and Brushes can be edited just like a font
character (only larger).
Finally there is the Misc. Option. Here the user can view the
entire screen (the Menu Bar is removed), dear the screen, turn
on and off tits large and small "Bright" grids or Change Colour
over a Window Defined area.
Although this article seems to have been just a list of features,
it must be rjfnembered that the Users Manual is 5B pages long. I
truly believe that just the list of features alone is enough to
justify the purchase of such a package which costs
approximately £15 (or $28). So if you plan to do ANY graphics
work with your Stacalir/TS2068, this editing package is a definite
MUST HAVE!
T^S-t2T=*£l C^«3^-> <u. Then**. JC<><:>Ve Tlie price !o, this incredible upgrade if you are already a
By Mike Felersiri registered owner of Word-Master IDS, is only $10 including
Well now, this is the last Issue of Volume I, And by golly we postage. So (»w IS the time to upgrades if for some reason
made it through the first year. I hope that TSDPJ has met the you dont own a copy of Word-Master, there will not be a tetter
expectations of our readers. time u, purchase it!
Starting with Volume 2, Issue 1 (Winter 1991) TSDPJ will have a
slightly new look based on the new Word-Master 2H We are
also planning to make each issue larger with more Pixel Print
and Print Factory coverage, along with more graphics and
o The File Handling Menu has been reduced from three to two
lines and r»w uses the numeric keys to select the desired
disk drive.
o Ttje current drive shown on the menu is now always correct
(this was a bug in the early version.)
o With the Aerco and Larken versions, there are now two keys
which catalog tlte current drive. K produces the standard
catalog, and F pi-oduces a "full" catalog which shows file
lengths and start addresses. With the Oliger and Zebra
systems, a FORMAT command has been added.
o A new ZAP command has been added to clear all RAM files.
o The "List Files' or Q command now also shows the space
remaining in RAM, and the total length of all files in RAM
(at the top of the screen.)
o All Word- Mast w liles are provided in an "Un-Packed" form
plus 150 shareware graphic files. Thus version 2 occupies
three 3AM diskettes.
o Several otiiei improvements have been made to the quirks in
version UK There was also a slight decrease in available
file space which varies form disk system to disk system, but
tlie space available is still at least 29K.
So, with continued support, The Sinclair Desktop Publishing
Journal has a long and bright future ahead MJF
RS. Mum's the word, but look out for a SDPJ sister publication
i L 199L
This issue of TSDPJ was created using Word-Master & Typeliner
(first three pages) and Pixel Print Plus version 4X1 (for the last
page) Tasword II was used to edit the text for the last page
a-aphics were NMJ saved with a Larken Disk interface and edited
with Art Studio. Graphic transfers were made with TSXfer
utility.
(*X/i ere <o
d~ Master. Jack Dohany
390 Rutherford
Redwood City, CA 94061
i Mouse; Date! Electronics •
Govan Road
Fenton Industrial Estate
Kenton, Stoke On Trent,
ST4 2RS, England
Microsnips •
37 Seaview Road
Wallasey,
Merseyside L45 4QN
First of all, LORD i
SCREEN $ graphic into the
of a Pixel Print column
use the mo v e function
the column "Uindow" upwa
Just the UPPER HALF
SCREEN $ Graphic i£ ShOWi
use the Save function
the column "Uindow"
SCREEN $ , then SPUE the
Once this is done, you
leave the Pixel Print
(ex amp le be low : )
BLANK AREA ABOUE GRAPHIC
f 1/2 SCREEN OR 11 LINES)
n your Epilogue...
m i d d le
Next, Rt this point, many users of
to move Pixel Print Professional version
rd until 5.0 are saying "Uai l Just a
of the minute—there is an easier way
ng. Now than that!" and they are
to SPUE correct, there is. In the case-
as a of Pixel Print Professional, you
column. can position the column "Uindow"
can now just as described above, but
program instead of saving the screen* ,
all you need to do is call up
the Pixel R r t i s t graphics
program to add the lines and
arrows. So all of this can be
a c c offlp l i s h e d with o u t l e a v i n g the
c o l umn (or Pixel Print).
ETSX TRANSFERS
Icon
SCREEN $
Tech Draw
UDG
Cata logue
Font
Icon
SCREEN*
UDG
I Cassette
I Cassette I
Next, LORD in your favorite
SCREEN* graphics editing program
and then load in the SCREEN $
graphic (from the column
window) . Rt this point, you may
now add a r r ows with lines and
text which extend above the (top
half of t h e .1 SCREEN $ graphic
into the empty half of the
screen as seen below:
Icon
SCREEN $
Tech Draw
UDG
Cata logue
Fonts, Icons, UDG s ,
SCREEN* & DisK. Cat
Su ppof ted .
rSpe c i a l utility
to con ve r t Te ch
• Draw screens.
/ r-Po i n t & C l i c k
/ / _Send to
Printer
TRANSFERS '
/ / TO :
Fonti
Icon/
SCREEN*
UDjG/~
Printer
Casset te
Casse t te
Finally, the finished graphic is
SRUEd , the graphic editing
program exited, then the Pixel
Print progr am i s LORDe d and the
column is reLOfiDed. The column
"Uindow" should now be
repositioned so that the
"Edited" SCREEN* graphic can be
loaded b a c k into the column from
w here it was r em o v e d .
The same steps can be taken to
add arc ows an t e x t to t h e bo 1 1 om
half of a SCREEN* graphic in a
Pixel Print column creating an
i fflp r e s s i v e and professional look
(See Figure 3 ) .
TSX
F'ea tares
-Fonts, Icons, UDGs ,
SCREEN $ & Disk Cat
Supported .
-Spe c i a I utility
to convert Tech
Draw screens.
& Click
Send to
Printer
Lo ad Print
& COPY Code
u Che c
for errors
be f o r e you
transfer
"up to 3
1 d r i v e
drives or
& RAM disk
"Supports Lar Ken &
Ro t r on i cs I/Fs
L
The Sinclair Desktop
Publishing Journal
3
If you have any questions or
comments about the journal
Please send them to:
Mike Fe le rs k i ,
1284- Brushwood
Cincinnati, OH
Ed i tor
flv e n u e
4-5224
For rep ly s
addressed
, Please send a self
: t amp e d en v e I ope .
The Sinclair Desktop Pu bushing
Journal is a publication of
Bottle Cap Software and Update
Com p u t e r S y s t e m s magazine.
Subscriptions are a v a i Labi e
through Update Computer Systems
magazine, and not through Bottle
Cap So f t wa re or SDPU directly.
QL EMULATOR for the AMIGA
And Some Miscellaneous Ramblings
by Al Feng
Yes, for those of you who may not have heard,
there is a QL EMULATOR for the AMIGA hardware
platform. The version of the Rainer Kowallik's
[Berlin, Germany] emulator software (VES,
software!) which Nazir Pashtoon and I tested on
two AMIGA computers last summer must currently
be considered a beta-version for most North
Americans.
But first ... Since I have your attention for
the next few moments, and my soap-box has not
collapsed beneath me yet (times change:
corrugated cardboard just isn't as sturdy as
peach-wood ... ) , I want to make a few comments
about the SINCLAIR community in North America.
It seems that we, as a community, we are now in
some disarray; and, the number of users and
vendors is diminishing for various reasons. I
was amazed when I found that a factionalism had
developed (existed) in the community; but,
sometimes, I'm not looking at the wall on which
the handwriting can be found. The SHARING of
ideas and experience is what makes a community
strong.
It would seem that 2068- users apparently have a
(Z-80) chip on their shoulder (so to speak) with
regard to the existence of the 0L. Some seem to
feel that the QL is the (in)direct reason for
the demise of Sinclair Research Ltd.
While these same die-hard 2068 people seem to
embrace their affiliation to the SINCLAIR
SPECTRUM via add-on ROMs, they ignore the fact
that their beloved TS-2068 is probably as much
an affront to the "real" SPECTRUM user as the QL
Is to the 2068 die-hard (I've NEVER heard of any
SPECTRUM owner inserting a 2068 ROM into his
SPECTRUM ! 1 .
THE BIG IF. If Uncle Clive had
stayed- the-course , stuck to what (t)he(y) knew
If he just had NOT ventured off to
un-charted territory with a "new" chip, he
probably would not have been so bold as to try
and build an electric car! Pandora's Box,
indeed .
Similarly, 2068 users apparently fear that QL
users are more likely to stray- from- the- fold .
Of course, this is with the understanding that
2068-users really don't even want QL-users
sharing the same wall outlet (sort of like have
sheep and cattle drinking from the same
watering-hole, or something ... still, better to
associate with them than those sod-busting
PC-users! ) .
Some of these ex-QL_usionists will describe the
many wonderful GAMEs they have for their 2068
and lament that: "If they had only had a
SPECTRUM/2068 emulator for the QL , I would have
bought one five years ago!" Right.
Some 2068 users like to point to the Z-88 as
"proof that the Z-80 is a viable chip. But, if
they think that there is anything similar
between the SPECTRUM / 2068 and the Z-88 other
than the Z-80 processor, then they should take
another look.
Regardless of copyrights and patents, Uncle
Clive would have abandoned the SPECTRUM-based
operating system due to limitations. More
important than a worrying about the never-to-be
SPECTRUM emulator for the QL, someone should be
working on a Z-88 emulator for 2068!
YAWN. Well, that pretty much brings us back to
the original topic of emulators for the QL.
Currently, Kowallik's QL EMULATOR is NOT a
commercial product; I get the impression that it
is a spin-off from some Doctoral research; and,
I think that in North America we should consider
this as being BETA-version software at the
present time.
This is NOT the first EMULATOR for the QL. A
DAUGHTER board developed by ABC- ELECTRON I K and
currently marketed by J0CHEN MERZ SOFTWARE dm
stillen Winkel 12 - 4100 Duisburg 11 - Germany 1
is available (in/from the UK) for use in ATARI
ST computers for about 170 BP Sterling (that's
about S340 +/-; NOT cheap, to say the least!).
For those 2068 people out there who may be
wondering why someone would want an emulator for
the QL, it has been noted by people better
"informed" than myself that QD0S may be the
"best" 68000 operating system (OS) for a
micro-computer, bar none. NETworking and
mul t i -TASK ing (of sorts) are just two of the
advanced capabilities which can be implemented
with minimal, additional code.
Of course, the penny-pinching penchant of
Sinclair Research Ltd. probably influenced the
decision to use the MC68008 rather than the
MC68000. Their demise put an end to hardware
evol ut ion .
As good as QD0S may be as an OS, the hardware
platform is getting long- in- the- tooth . The
68008 CPU pushing data through an 8-bit bus
occassionaly makes it seem as though you are
time-sharing with someone else on the computer.
The QL EMULATOR for the AMIGA hardware platform
allows the current/potential QL user(s) the
opportunity to maintain use of most of his/her
existing software, while gaining the advantage
of a 16-bit data bus.
Nazir assisted me with my informal tests.
Learning to double-click the mouse was the first
obstacle which 1 had to overcome! There are some
other AMIGA-DOS "quirks" with which I was not
familiar (e.g., the soft-reset key combination).
By and by, after the proper sub-directory was
opened, we had QD0S running on the AMIGA.
We "ran* it successfully on both an AMIGA 1000
w/512K (with a 2000 keyboard) as well as an
AMIGA 500 W/1024K. This should be taken as a
conditional statement since the apparent
overhead on the AMIGA'S system is well over
256K. The 512K AMIGA had something in the
neighborhood of 196K FREE_MEM left after 0D0S
was on board. A 1 meg unit would have around
708K. I think current AMIGA 2000 allows for up
to 2 meg of system memory.
The 68000 processor in tandem with the 16-bit
data bus does make a visible difference ...
TurboQUILL* is even better -- probably
comparable to using PC-QUILL on a(ny) clone.
The PC-CONQUEROR emulator (for those who might
be interested), requires a 1 meg AMIGA. The
available memory for QD0S was somewhere between
the memory available on a 640K and 786K QL as
one might suspect. MS-DOS probably runs at
about l.OHhz vs 0.5 Mhz on a standard 0L.
FORMATt ing MS-DOS disks was problematical. This
is in part due to the non-standard disk drives
used on AMIGAs. The disk formatted to
723968/730112 bytes (i.e., 6144 bytes "bad"; or,
12 bad sectors).
TASKMASTER does NOT WORK.
ORAM does NOT WORK.
The preliminary conclusion as to why neither
TASKMASTER nor ORAM may work is because Kowallik
(as well as the ATARI TOS writers) apparently
chose to ignore Motorola's request regarding use
of the A- line (vs. F-line) in calls to the
system (this has something to do with the TAS
[Test and Set! instructions/calls). This is
really beyond me and I may have gotten it wrong.
The apparent code conflict should resolvable
(though my understanding of the problem probably
will never be).
TURBO -compiled programs DO work (e.g., QLUSTer);
BUT, it does NOT seem that you can use the TURBO
compiler (v. 2. 00) with the AMIGA.
The current screen display visible is "square"
with the bottom 40 pixels not shown ... akin to
running a monitor-only program on a NTSC
television (testing was done with an RGB
monitor). The problem has been forwarded to
Harvey Taylor as he (apparently) currently uses
an AMIGA 2000 and may find it to be a
fascinating enough problem on which to spend a
few moments of his time.
A REAL HARDWARE DEFICIENCY which I noted to was
that disk access was incredibly slow . . .
untimed,' but the impression is that it is
s-l-o-w-e-r than loading from microdrive
cartridges!
I queried Nazir as to whether this could not be
overcome with dedicated" drives whereby the
AMIGA'S drive is shunted to " last- in- the-chain"
and the STANDARD drives are activated. A
dedicated interface may be needed ... Nazir had
been considering my query ... he had considered
using an IBM compatible drive as an AMIGA drive
with an N.A.P designed interface card to make it
think it was an AMIGA drive ...
The ATARI QL- EMULATOR should NOT experience the
sluggish disk access since the ATARI and the QL
both use the I BM - compat ible drives.
For what may have been a limited time, the
"original" AMIGA 1000s W/512K were available for
around $300.00 (+/- $50.00). Some AMIGA dealers
may still have the older units in stock as (it
should be noted that the AMIGA 1000 uses a
"different" set of proprietary chips than the
500/2000/3000) .
A new(er) AMIGA 500 is cheaper than a TH0R XVI
(the AMIGA 500 is a keyboard/system box with an
"okay" keyboard). But then, even a new ATARI w/
DAUGHTER board is cheaper than a TH0R !
(NOTE: Neither emulator supports QL
CLIENT /SERVER NETworking, while the TH0R --
apparently does.)
There are some things that STILL need to be
worked out as of mid-December (the screen
display and the "dedicated" QD0S disk drives).
But, if you tnink you can overcome these
problems; or, if are willing to gamble that
others will resolve the f orement ioned problems
in the near future, then you should keep an eve
out for a well priced, used/new AMIGA.
If it isn't already apparent, the reason that
the QL/AMIGA emulator has significance is that
it gives "new" legs to a familiar and proven
operating system. Proprietary (i.e., "scarce")
chips such as the ZX-8301 /ZX-8302 are
eliminated. Thus, as long as there is an AMIGA,
you will have a platform on which you can run
your software.
TIMES CHANGE . Now they raise llamas and
ostriches where cattle and sheep used to graze;
and, I keep hoping for a faster, INEXPENSIVE
hardware upgrade for my QL . . - with only an
occassional glance at those OTHER computers.
HMMmm. If someone can just convince Rainer
Kowallik to do the same for with QVIEW's MINERVA
code (or, vice-versa) ... we could make those
legs BI0NIC (!) ...
FS0G8K1HG HPS (ill Computers)
Ezploring DEF FN and PI
DEF FN used for Literal Data
The little used DEF FN and FN functions are very
Powerful and quite easy to use. Many have ask for
an article explaining how to use DEF FN, so here
it is.
<DEF FK> is used in a line of programming. The
program line DEFines a Function. A very simple
one (of no value) would be:
9000 DEF FN a{)=10
This is similiar to the way we would assign a val-
ue to the variable a. But the formula in line
9000 DOES NOT assign a variable. Its M a() M is a
Defined Function and NOT a variable.
<FR> is used to EXECUTE THE DEF FN Function.
EXAMPLE: To execute the Function in line 9000:
100 PRINT FN a{)
{tad 10 would be printed to screen).
Now lets use a trio of DEF FN statement lines to
use for confuting the simple formula for the area
of a rectangle.
9000 DEF FN a()=L*W
9002 DEF FN L()=a/W
9004 DEF FN W()=a/L
Here we have three formula set up to compute Area,
Length, and Width.
Now we will EXECUTE the formula with the FN funct-
ion.
%
100 LET 1=0: LET w=0:LET a=0
102 INPUT M <1> Find Area. <2> Find Length
<3> Find Width"; x L
104 IF x=l THEN INPUT "ENTER L";l: INPUT ENTER w";w
106 IF x=2 THEN INPUT "ENTER A";a:INPUT ENTER W H ;w
108 IF x=3 THEN INPUT "ENTER Area"; a: INPUT "ENTER
Length"; I
110 IF x=l THEN PRINT FN a()
112 IF x=2 THEN PRINT FN 1 { )
114 IF x=3 THEN PRINT FN w()
116 STOP
ADD a line: 9005 DEF FN y$()=a$
Now we will use the DIRECT MODE.
Type <LET a$="Fred">
Type < PR I NT FN y$() >
The last little exercise tells us that a DEF FN
statement can be much broader than we have thought
before. It is not limited to MATH Functions. IN
FACT, ANY FUNCTION that can be expressed in proper
BASIC SYNTAX can be DEFined in a DEF FN statement!
CAN WE EXPAND DEF FN to exercise Machine Code
Utilities? Why not, since BASIC can exercise a MC
program? If a MC program produces NUMERIC value
via < PR I NT USR jf> then we can make the DEF FN
pick up the value: 9010 DEF FN a{)=USR x>. Or,
(9020 DEF FN a()=(USR x)+(USR y) >. But this is
getting beyond the intent of this treatsie,
Already we have learned quite a bit about DEF FN.
1. DEF FN can define a math formula or any com-
puter function to be executed.
2. The DEF FN "variable" has no relationship to a
"computer variable".
3. The DEF FN assignment must be in a PROGRAM LINE
4. Once the DEF FN assignment is in a program line
"It is just there", and no GO TO or GO SUB is
needed to execute the Function.
5. The "FN" function executes the DEF FN state-
ment.
6. The DEF FN Function is DEFined to the right
of the sign and can be ANY Computer Function.
7. The Function can be ANYTHING that the Computer
is capable of doing {If in proper Syntax).
Now to really tie down the DEF FN and FN functions
lets key in a couple of demonstration programs.
Believe me, by doing so you'll never again ask
about DEF FN and FN. AND a large new capability
will be discovered. Experimentation will broaden
the discovery.
Have Fun-- Bill Jones
45
Choo-Chooing Along Kith DEF FN
A Train of Examples
300 CLS : PRINT "Investigating DEF FN""
302 GO SUB 480: PRINT "—Area of a Circle"
304 INPUT "Enter Radius M ;r: PRINT "The Area is ";
FN a(): PRINT "ENTER": PAUSE 0
306 CLS : GO SUB 480:: PRINT "DEF FN to Find Syst
ems Vars'" '
308 PRINT "Find VARS"'"VARS=";FN v(): GO SUB 480:
PRINT "ENT": PAUSE 0
310 GO SUB 480: PRINT "Find PROG" : PRINT "PROG is
on the Log at ";FN p{): PRINT "ENT": PAUSE 0
312 GO SUE 480: PRINT "Find NXTLIN"'"NXTLIN=";FN
n(): PRINT "ENT": PAUSE 0
314 GO SUB 480: PRINT "Find WORKSP"'"WORKSP=";FN
w(): PRINT "ENT": PAUSE 0
316 GO SUB 480: PRINT "Find STKBOT"'"STKBOT=";FN
s{): PRINT "ENT" : PAUSE 0
318 GO SUB 480: PRINT "Find RAMTOP" ' "RAMTOP=" ;FN
r{): PRINT "ENT": PAUSE 0
320 GO SUB 480: PRINT "Find P-RAMT"'"P-RAMT=";FN
m{): PRINT "ENT": PAUSE 0
322 CLS : GO SUB 480: LET x=4e4: PRINT "Doing Squ
are Roots"": FOR n=l TO x: INPUT "ENTER A Number-
x To Quit";a: IF a=x THEN GO TO 340
324 PRINT "The Square Root of ";a;" is ,( ;FN z():
NEXT n
340 CLS : PRINT INVERSE 1; "Seven Inter-dependant
DEF FN Formulae To Investigate "; INVE
RSE 0 1 ' TAB 5; "How Much Water?"": PRINT "Given: La
st Night a big Thunder-Storm rained over a 25 Squa
re Kile Area. """How many Inches do you suppose
Fell?"": GO SUB 480: INPUT "Input lnches";a
341 CLS : PRINT "If ";a;" Inches over 25 Sq Mi :
342 PRINT "There would be "; INVERSE 1;FN 1{); IN
VERSE 0 ,M Cubic Inches of Water."": GO SUB 480
343 PRINT "This would be "; INVERSE 1;FN u(); INV
ERSE 0;" Cu Ft."; INVERSE 0": GO SUB 480
344 PRINT "This is "; INVERSE 1;FK g(); INVERSE 0
;" Gallons."": GO SUB 480
345 PRINT "The Weight is "; INVERSE 1;FN o{); INV
ERSE 0 '"Pounds."": GO SUB 480
346 PRINT "The Water would Weigh "; INVERSE 1;FN
t()'" Tons."' INVERSE 0: GO SUB 480
347 PRINT "A Choo-Choo Train of "; INVERSE 1;INT
(FN c()); INVERSE 0'"Tank Cars would be needed to
haul the Water."": GO SUB 480
348 PRINT "The Train would be "; INVERSE 1;INT (F
N y{)+.5);" Miles"' INVERSE 0;"in Length"": GO SU
B 480
350 PRINT '"At 100 Cars Per Engine, we wouldneed
"; INVERSE 1;FN h(); INVERSE 0; M Locomotives/":
GO SUB 480
352 PRINT "Engines extend the Train Length to ";
INVERSE 1;FN j(); INVERSE 0; M Miles long.**: GO SUB
480
354 PRINT "ENTER": PAUSE 0: GO TO 340
480 FOR n=l TO 3: BEEP .15,n*14: NEXT n: RETURN
500 DEF FN a()={PI*rT2)
502 DEF FN v()=(PEEK 23627+256*PEEK 23628)
504 DEF FN p()=(PEEK 23635+256*PEEK 23636)
506 DEF FN n()={PEEK 23637+256*PEEK 23638)
508 DEF FN e()=(PEEK 23641+256*PEEK 23642)
510 DEF FN w{)=(PEEK 23649+256*PEEK 23650)
512 DEF FN s{)=(PEEK 2365H256*PE£K 23652)
514 DEF FN r()={PEEK 23730+256*PEEK 23731)
516 DEF FN m{)={PEEK 23732+256*PEEK 23733)
518 DEF FN z()={SOR a)
520 DEF FN 1 ()=({ 5280*12 )f2)*a*25: REM Cubic Inch
es \j
521 DEF FN u()=FN 1()/1728: REM Cubic Feet
522 DEF FN g()=(FN l{)/23i): REM Gallons
524 DEF FN o()=FN g()*8: REM Weight Pounds
526 DEF FN t{)=(FN o()/2000): REM Weight Tons
528 DEF FN c()=(FN o()/90000) : REM Nbr Rail Cars
90000 lb Gwt
530 DEF FN y()=(FN c( )*80/5280) : REM Train length
80 Feet per Car ^
532 DEF FN h()=INT {FN c()/100+.5) ?
534 DEF FN ii)=INT (FN h{ )*80/528G+FN y() + .5) J
Note: The Program beginning at line 1340 uses 9
DEF FN Formulae. These begin at line 1520 and are
set up in a sequence so that each formula AFTER
line 520 depends upon the calculation of earlier
DEF FN functions. So, for the last calculation in
line 1352, the formula within lines 520, 521, 522,
524, 526, 528, 530, and 532, are all executed to
find "FN j{)" in line 352.
This difficult math problem was given in a test
to a 12th grade high school class, accompanied by
a table of values needed to solve the problem. Of
three classes of 30 students each, none solved the
problem within a 10 mile error allowance. The TS-
2068 solves the problem in about 2 seconds, most
of which is used for display. -BJ_
44
50 REM ** Differential
51 REM Equations
52 REM Using DEF FN
53 REM
54 REM ** Area of a Circle
55 REM (for simplicity)
56 REM
100 LET a=0: LET r=0
102 INPUT M <1> Find Area'""<2> Find Radius" ;x
104 IF z-l THEN INPUT "Enter Radius M ;r
106 IF x=2 THEN INPUT "Enter Area ";a
108 IF x=2 THEN PRINT "The Radius is ";FN r()
110 IF x=l THEN PRINT "The Area is ";FN a(J
120 GO TO 100
9000 DEF FN a()=PI*r*2
9002 DEF FN r()=SQR (a/PIj
9003 REM -
9004 REM * After Breaking OUT of the above, do
some in the Direct Mode. TRY:
<LET r=3: PRINT FN a()> <LET a=60: PRINT FN r(}>
9005 REM
9008 REM ** Note that A DIRECT <FN a()> Command
works if there is a valid <DEF FN a()>Formula in a
Line Statement. If NOT then a Report Code would
be given.
9010 REM
9016 REM * Also prove that vars a and r are not
disturbed by the DEF FN assignments of DEF FN a(}
and DEF FN r(). <PRINT a> and <PRINT FN a()>
<PRIHT r> and <PRINT FN r{)>
9018 REM
9020 REM * Now we are equipped to construct a
better View Calc program, eh?
9022>REM
9024 REM * Add more lines with your favorite Math
Formulae to Compute the National Debt on a daily
basis. (In Dollars, Yen, and Schekels)
! Software
For Owners of
Zebra Sys terns
OS64 Ca r t r i dge
From: Bottle Cap Software
X2B4- Brushwood five -
Cincinnati , OH 45224
RI_L Titles are $5 + $1 S&H
and come on quality cassette
UJ i t h FULL instructions! !
For a catalog of our other
programs for TS2068/T51000
Spectrum and TS2068+O564
Send a large SfiSE .
ftultiply by thrte thi enjoyoent that cm coat fro* your
S.fl.U.6. Video Digitizer I TS2068 nth this new software:
V I DEOTE X : Capture a video 1149c froe i VCR, video
catera, etc., i vies it in thirteen greyscale levels'
VIDEO 3-D; Creates i 3-D reoresentation of *
video naoe captured by V18CQTEI m either noroal 3-0 or
inverted 3-0. (See ad title for an eue-pie of the 3-0
effect.) four different 2-am 'depths' lay be selected.
VIDEOCOPY; Only for owers of an OK I RATE 20
color printer nth lBfl parallel Plug 'n Print cartridge.
Allows a video leaoe captured by VI DEOTE I to be hardcopies
in 13-level b/» greyscale or in color. Very colorful
hi-res 'lodern art* depictions of the original b/* video
itagt are autoiatically proceed froi a video data file.
A color editor is available for custoi 'colorizing*.
This software is priced at IMS post-paid each, and coaes
Mith cotplete user notes t video digitizing suggestions.
Send ISASE for additional information and ordtr fori to:
JOHN HcfUCHAEL. 1710 PALfCR DR., UWMIE, MY 82070
CheUboo* Keeper/Balancer
T h is program not only Keeps
t r a c K o f your checks , dep o sits ,
and hT M withdrawals but actually
has a special routine that helps
you Balance your account at the
end of the month! find all in 64-
columns ma King it easy to read.
Maxi-Bill Credit Card Payer
Maxi -Bill helps sort out all
of your credit card bills at the
end or the mo nth and info rms you
as to hou# much to pay on each
bill in order to save the most
on interest! Rm o u n t s , payments ,
and expected interest are all
displayed on one screen!
Cassette Index Card Halter
M a K e s p r o f e s s i o rial c a s s e t t e
1 n d e >■■ caids for cassette storage
b o x e s o n a I most any paper stock..
Rll above programs requi re 0564 •
45
WE DO CUSTPH BUSINESS PROGRAMMING
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WE ALSO SUPPLY f /?g<=T * THE ONLY UNDERSTANDABLE
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COMPUTER PROM US-
OTHERWISE IT IS * 1 0
WE DO CUSTOM BU SINESS PROGRAMMING,
WE SELL A BETTER, QUICKER, AND LESS
EXPENSIVE EPROM ERASER POR THOSE PEOPLE
WHO CAN'T, OR WON'T BUY THE DISK DRIVE.
THE DISK DRIVE USES ^ ALKALINE A A
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W QQ CUSTOM BUSIN ESS PROGRAMMING.
YES , THE Z-88 CAN DO GRAPHICS AND BAR
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YOURS CAN-"" T DO, OR CAN =" T DO EASILY.
WE DO CUSTOM BUSINESS PROGRAMMING.
ALL OTHER QUESTIONS WILL GLADLY BE ANSWERED
BY MIKE PINK, IP YOU LEAVE YOUR NAME , NUMBER
AND TIME TO CALL.
WE SELL SQUARE-DOT, SUPER — PAST, AND
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46
Datat ron i cs 22 ^ J2> R" Ml cj ci m R \/ i w
I recently bought a new 2400 Baud
pocket modem to use with my 288.
A pocket modem is just a smaller
version of a -full size modem. They
are approximately one quarter the
size o-f a standard modem.
The modem's dimensions are 5
inches by 2.5 inches by i.12 inches.
It weighs 0.33 pounds. The modem is
beige colored to match most computers
except Sinclairs.
There are five LEDs: Low Battery,
Auto Answer, Modem Ready, High Speed
and Carrier Detect.
It takes a 9 volt battery or an
AC adapter. I get about 8 hours on an
alkaline battery and 2 hours on a
rechargeable Ni-Cad. I generally use
an AC adapter at home and the
batteries on the road.
There is a female DB25 connector
on one end of the modem. This is
designed to plug directly into the
serial port of an IBM type computer.
The Z88 has a DB9 connector so a
cable is needed to connect to the
modem. See the diagram in my article
in the April 1990 Update or contact
your dealer for a cable.
The modem is 100% Hayes
compatible so it is compatible with
all your software. It also has an
extended command set so it has some
commands that older Hayes modems do
not have.
This modem has some features I
have not seen on some other modems.
There is a non-volatile memory to
store two configuration profiles and
10 telephone numbers. The
configuration profile is all the
software switch settings and
registers in the modem. You can view
the non-volatile memory to see the
status of all these settings in one
d i splay .
There are some diagnostic
commands available to test your
computer, modem, telephone line,
remote modem and remote computer.
These should be useful if you ever
experience communication problems.
Other countries have different
modem standards. They use different
tones for tone dialing and different
on hook/off hook intervals for pulse
dialing. You can change these
settings if you plan on doing some
overseas traveling.
I have a couple telephone numbers
stored. Other than that I have not
changed any of the defaults that came
with the modem. It may be neccesary
to change some of the settings when
using different telephone systems
wh i 1 e tr avel i ng.
Performance wise I am getting
some random garbled text at 2400 baud
while logged onto GEnie. Setting
Xon/Xoff on the 288 Panel to Yes
eliminated about 99% of the garbled
text.
Some Bulletin Boards have Null
settings. This is a variable delay
that you can set. Setting the Nulls
to a higher number should eliminate
this garbled text.
Xmodem transfers work perfectly
at 2400 and the extra speed is nice
when downloading a long file. It's
best to turn Xon/Xoff to No when
using Xmodem.
Xmodem is a file transfer
protocol designed to transfer any
file even machine language.
I bought a 2400 baud modem at
this time because GEnie changed their
rates. 300, 1200 and 2400 baud all
now cost $6.00 an hour. 2400 baud
saves time and money. GEnie also has
over 100 services at *4.95 per month.
You don't pay the *6.00 an hour when
you access these services.
2400 baud also makes long
distance calls less expensive. Time
is money here as well.
I bought the 2400P from Jameco
Electronics in California and paid
*139.95 for it. Pocket modems are
generally more expensive than full
sized moderns. But I felt that this
modem's extra features and small size
were worth the price.
By Dave Bennett
4 J
The G E ri i €=■ I n-f ormat i on S «■ r- >✓ i cz «e
Those of you using modems may or
may not be aware of the large
Information Services available to
you. Most likely you can access them
with a local phone call if you live
near a city with a population of
50,000 or greater.
The most famous is probably
CompuServe. This is a very good
service. I was a member for several
years. There is a Timex Sinclair Sig
located in the Computer Club Forum.
But then I switched to the GEnie
Service primarily because of support
of the Z88 in the Laptops Roundtable.
At the time there was little or no
support of the 288 on CompuServe.
Most of you know from my articles
that I am just crazy about the Z88.
It is a fantastic computer. It can do
some things that are impossible for
other 8 bit machines. But I am
getting off track here.
GEnie has separate Bulletin
Boards called Roundtables. These are
further subdivided into Categories
and then into Topics.
At the time that I joined GEnie
the Z88 had a Topic in the Laptops
Roundtable. Since then we now have a
Z88 Category. Maybe in the future
there will be a Z88 Roundtable. There
certainly seems to be enough Z88s
being sold to justify it. You do need
a sponsor for a Roundtable though.
Currently the sponsor of the
Laptops Roundtable is Traveling
Software. They make Link-up software
for PCs. In the past they produced
Tandy Model 100 products.
The earlier Sinclair related
computers such as the QL and the 2068
are supported in the TI Roundtable
under Category 13 Orphans. Currently
there are only topics available.
Right now there are few if any
messages being written for these
machines and no files are being
uploaded. I think that if more people
contributed there can at least be a
2068 and QL Category.
There is some incentive in
joining GEnie rather than CompuServe.
GEnie just reduced their rates. There
are some other information services
out there. One is a mainly IBM
service called Prodigy. Prodigy just
reduced their services to H5.00 a
month. In response GEnie now provides
over 100 services including
Electronic Mail and an Electronic
Encyclopedia at *4.95 a month. Any
interests besides computers can be
supported for this price.
Any of the Computer Roundtables
and all of the download areas in the
Roundtables are not supported under
this plan. You must pay *6.00 an hour
for 300, 1200 and 2400 baud to access
these.
But still this is significantly
less than CompuServe. They have rates
of *6.00 an hour for 300 baud and
$12.50 an hour for 1200 and 2400
baud. For some reason CompuServe does
not offer flat rates like the other
services.
GEnie is part of the General
Electric Company. Their offices and
computers are located in Rockville
Maryland. Their Computer Network has
phone numbers located in most larger
cities.
To join GEnie call 1-800-638-9636
< voice) .
Or set your modem for half duplex
at 300 or 1200 baud. Dial
1-800-638-8369. Upon connection enter
HHH. At the U#: prompt enter:
XJM1 1999, GENIE. There will be a brief
explanation and you will be given the
opportunity to sign up.
You should have a major credit
card handy or you can have the fees
deducted from your checking account.
Your permanent password will be
mailed to you. You will also get a
User's Manual and a subscription to
the GEnie Magazine LiveWIRE.
By Dave Bennett
4 h
QUANTA has released it's latest updates to the Users Group library. This is
the revised list of disks and the approximate amount of free sectors per
disk. As you can see the library is now over 24 megabytes of programming for
the QL computer.
Disk Name Contents Free Sectors
DUAL_GUIDE ( Archive based Library Guides ) 588
C.A.D_1 ( Computer Aided Design ) 312
C0MMS_XFER1 . . . ( COMMunicationS/transf er ) 135
C0MMS_XFER2 . . . ( a BBS program ) 921
EDUC_1 ( EDUCational ) 345
GAMES_GEN1 ( GENeral games ) 222
GAMES_GEN2 230
GAMES_GEN3 1134
GMS_STRAT1 ( GaMes advent/STRATegy ).... . . 108
GMS = STRAT2 105
GMS_STRAT3 72
GMS_STRAT4 735
GRAPHICS_1= . . . ( Graphics programs ) 231
GRAPHICS_2 435
KERMIT_1 ( Kermit for the QL ) 99
KERMIT.2 807
KERMIT_3 348
LANGUAGE S_l . . . ( Forth, 'C , etc ) 384
MANDEL_1 ( MANDELbrot programs ) 138
MANDEL_2 9
MATHS_1 ( Maths etc ) 186
MATHS_2 888
MISC_DEM0_1. . . ( MISC & DEMOnstration ) 729
MISC._DEM0_2 87
MISCJDEM0_3 324
PAGE_DES ( Version 1 ) 48
PRT_F0NTS_1 . . . ( PRinTer utilities & FONTS ) 243
PRT_FONTS_2 222
PRT_FONTS_3 642
PSION_l .( PSION utilities etc ) 144
PSION_2 195
PSION_3 345
QDOS_JM_l ( JM ROM decoded ).. 462
QDOS_JM_2 648
QDOS_JM_3 15
QDOS_JM_4 154
QD0S_JS_1 ( JS ROM ) 459
SPECIALS_0 ( Reserved - T. TEBBY + TRAPS ONLY ) 1032
SPECIALS_1. — ( Specialist programs ) 255
SPECIALS_2 195
SPECIALS_3 450
SPECIALS_4 309
UTIL_DRCPY ( DiR & CoPY UTILities ) 525
UTIL_EMACS ( Mi cro_EMACS V3.9p SOURCE FILES ) 36
UTIL_EMAC2 ( Run version. NON-SOURCE + new _doc's )... 777
UTIL_GEN_1 ( General utilities ) 144
UTIL_GEN_2 96
UTIL_GEN_3 333
UTIL_TKMC_1 . . . ( ToolKits/MachineCode ) 201
UTIL_TKMC_2 903
The USA Sub-Librarian is ready to update the QUANTA members on this side of
the Atlantic. Details are just a SASE away. Address your questions to Paul
Holmgren, 5231 Wilton Wood Ct. , Indianapolis, IN. 46254.
PUBLIC NOTICE FROM JACK DOHANY dated January 1, 1991
As of January 1, 1991, I have retired from my 2068 support
activities. I will accept no further orders from anyone for
anything, nor will I accept phone calls or answer letters,
except from close friends or fellow developers.
The reason is this: I've been spending far too much time on
support, and virtually none on programming, which is my hobby
and passion. So I'm going to stop trying to be a dealer/guru,
and resume being just a programmer and hardware developer.
Of course I'm NOT defecting from the 2068 to another computer;
the 2068 is still the ONLY computer I like and use. I plan to
spend most of my free time for the next few years producing
software and hardware for it, which I'll make available through
dealers such as RMG and Ed Grey. Other dealers who would like to
carry my stuff are invited to contact roe.
What about support for my products? Dealers will forward any
problems or questions they can't handle to me, and I'll get
around to dealing with them eventually.
With luck, I'll find time now and then to write articles for
UPDATE, which I've never had time to do.
I'd like to thank all of the many 2068 folks with whom I've
dealt, for their generosity and patience... and please leave me
alone now!
NOTES :
If you have asked for a catalog, or written to me in expectation
of a reply, please accept my apologies: I no longer have a
catalog, and I cannot reply to your letter. Please write or call
a dealer of your choice. I know of these two dealers:
RMG Enterprises
1419 1/2 7th Street
Oregon City, OR 97045
Ed Grey Enterprises
P.O. Box 2186
Inglewood, CA 90305
Contact: Rod Gowen
Voice: 503-655-7484
Times: Tue-Sat Noon-10 PM
Contact: Ed Grey
Voice: 213-759-7406
The Grey Matter BBS & RCP/M:
213-971-6260 ( CALAN )
If you want to keep posted, please subscribe to this quarterly
magazine for users of Sinclair computers:
UPDATE COMPUTER SYSTEMS
P.O. Box 1095
Peru, Indiana 46970
Edited and published by:
Carol and Frank Davis
Phone: 317-473-8031
Subscription rate: $18 per year in USA.
Back issues:
Bill Jones, 1317 Stratford Ave, Panama City, FL 32404
TS2068 UPDATE ISSUE DISKS
These disks contain at least one major piece of software written
specifically for disk drive and are guaranteed to be worth the
money. The rest of the disks are filled with various utility
programs! taken from the issues of UPDATE and a few surprises
thrown in. Half of the money goes to the author and is meant to
encourage new programming for the TS2068 that makes use of the
various disk drive systems. Presently we are offering disks for
the Larken and Oliger Interfaces, but have programs available
for the Aerco (just as soon as I hear that there is a demand to
have available). All are $22.00 per disk (add $1.00 Canada) and
include postage and handling. We have two new pieces of software
coming out in the next issue, plus the return of some previously
offered. Both 3 1/2 and 5 1/4 40 and 80 track available. Please
add $5.00 for mailing to other countries. We accept personal
checks , company checks, money orders as well as International
Postal Money Orders. We do not have facilities for charge cards.
1) MITCHELL BUDGET DISK, with wide spreadsheet printer driver,
MS-TAS and various other utilities. Available as either Larken
or as Oliger format.
2) Bob Hartung D0SDEX UTILITY ISSUE DISK, a complete disk
management group of programs for the Oliger Interface only. This
includes Mul t i -Manager for file handling. This collection has
recently been updated.
3) MAIL MERGE ISSUE DISK, Oct 87 and Jan 88 issues of UPDATE
utilities added to fill out this disk. Includes a tutor program
for the Mail Merge program, List Looker, Purity, J-Utilities and
Extra Memory Utilities.
4) MITCHELL VIEW CALC ISSUE DISK, forget the old slow VC for
tape? The rest of the disk is filled with other utilities
plus some Public Domain for fillers. At this time for Larken
format only.
5) OLIGER DISK DRIVE BBS PROGRAM, this allows users of the
Oliger interface to be able to operate a disk based bulletin
board from the TS2068. The disk is also filled with many other
Oliger disk routines and tips on using the Oliger System. New by
Paul Holmgren.
6) The HYBISCUS ENSEMBLE, consisting of two separate, but
complimentary sets of programs. A) Daisy. B6 Ensemble, and B)
Udbm.B6 Ensemble. LKD0S only, $22 each or $36 for both. The best
file and database available for Larken, by Bill Jones.
UPDATE COMPUTER SYSTEMS invites you to submit software programs
that may become Issue Disks. Please submit program on disk, with
documentation and article to accompany the program. We are here
to get North American software available and known. We also
solicit minor programs, tips and utilities for print in future
issues of the magazine. Please do not submit unl istable programs
or copy protected programs.
OL UPDATE ISSUE DISKS
These disks contain at least one major piece of software written
specifically for disk drive and are guaranteed to be worth the
money. The rest of the disks are filled with various utility
programs taken from the issues of UPDATE and a few surprises
thrown in. Half of the money goes to the author and is meant to
encourage new programming for the QL that makes use of the
disk drive systems, and microdrives on both the expanded and
unexpanded QL. Where possible we will give a version for each of
these configurations. Some of the programs take advantage of TK2
by Tony Tebby. All are $22.00 per disk (add $1.00 Canada) and
include postage and handling. Available as 3 1/2 or 5 1/4 disks.
Add $5.00 for mailing to other countries. We accept personal
checks, company checks, money orders as well as International
Postal Money Orders, but no charge cards. If ordering on MDV ,
then please include one that is already formatted, so we will
know it will run on your QL. Due to the expense of MDVs this is
necessary. If two MDVs are required we will state so in the ad.
1) HARTUNG UTILITY ISSUE DISK- Several excellent programs such
as stand alone data base, Address, and QS0 files. All are in
Superbasic. Lots of hints and tricks for programmers. Requires
some knowledge of Superbasic or a yen to learn. Recently updated
by Bob Hartung. Address file can be used as inventory program.
It can print out labels. Both screen or paper printouts can be
by Alpha sort, or be by last name.
2) CABLE ARCHIVE ISSUE DISK- Contains six Archive programs along
with Doc files to get you going on making use of the Archive
programming language. Also has Tasket , plus Doc file, to give
you mult i- tasking on your QL (much cheaper than QRAM or
Taskmaster). Included is Arithmetic, a Superbasic program for
math, along with math drills. This is for both the advanced and
beginner user and greatly extends the use of Archive. To order
on microdrive send two formatted microdrives, too much for one!
3) QLUSTER ISSUE DISK by Al Feng- Ql utilities to unclutter your
disks and microdrives. COPY, DELETE, FORMAT , PRINT, VIEW, plus
extended use of some Tool Kit 2 commands. TK2 is required. These
are TURBO compiled for speed. Multitasks and uses minimal key
presses. Includes Fast-Disk and Vegemat2, a super clone making
program. Also Snap Shot-a directory column or condensed printout
program .
4) DOS EMULATOR COMPANION ISSUE DISK by Al Feng- Just released
in Oct. issue. Makes better use of Solution, PC Conqueror,
Discover, X0VER , QLuster and scrjcodes. If you are going to use
the emulators, then check this out.
5) QLuMSi DOS by Al Feng- a MSD0S simulator and front end
program for the QL, also includes other programs by AL Feng for
file management and cloning of programs.
UPDATE COMPUTER SYSTEMS invites you to submit software programs
that may become Issue Disks. Please submit program on disk, with
documentation and article to accompany the program. We are here
to get North American software available and known. We solicit
programs, tips, reviews and utilities for future issues.
Live Music Archive
Librivox Free Audio
Metropolitan Museum
Cleveland Museum of Art
Internet Arcade
Console Living Room
Open Library
American Libraries
TV News
Understanding 9/11